While many associations between neighborhood characteristics and individual well-being have been reported, there is a lack of longitudinal studies that could provide evidence for or against causal interpretations of neighborhood effects. This study examined whether neighborhood urbanicity and socioeconomic status were associated with within-individual variation in depression, mistrust and socia...

introduction : studying the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in low socioeconomic groups is of great importance. people who are under the supervisioin and care of imam khomeini relief foundation are the most deprived in iran. the present survey aimed at investigating the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors among  the citizens who are under the supervision of imam khom...

background: inequality in households’ and individuals' consumption expenditures is one of the most important aspects of health status difference among households and individuals. objectives: we investigated the impact of some macro-economic factors specially inequality factors on the iranian rural health status since 1986 through 2012. patients and methods: we conducted a longitudinal ecologica...

background: the association of duration of breastfeeding (bf)  with  weight disorders remains controversial.  this study aimed to evaluate the association of bf with anthropometric measures and weight disorders in iranian children and adolescents. materials and methods: using multistage random cluster sampling method, a representative sample of 25,000 school students were selected from urban an...

background: excess weight in children and adolescents is a multi-factorial phenomenon and associated with earlier risk of obesityrelated diseases. this study aims to assess the prevalence of weight disorders and the mean values of anthropometric indices according to regional, socioeconomic, and urban-rural variations among iranian children and adolescents. materials and methods: this nationwide...

Health disparities in the United States related to socioeconomic status are persistent and pervasive. This review highlights how social disadvantage, particularly low socioeconomic status and the health burden it brings, is passed from 1 generation to the next. First, we review current frameworks for understanding the intergenerational transmission of health disparities and provide 4 illustrati...

Introduction: Although socioeconomic status (SES) resources influence population and individual health behaviors, socially marginalized groups gain significantly less health from their SES indicators, such as education and income, compared to the socially privileged groups. This pattern is called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). However, most of the MDRs liter...

OBJECTIVES People of low socioeconomic status are shorter than those of high socioeconomic status. The first two years of life being critical for height development, we hypothesized that a low socioeconomic status is associated with a slower linear growth in early childhood. We studied maternal educational level (high, mid-high, mid-low, and low) as a measure of socioeconomic status and its ass...

The study determined the prevalence of food insecurity and its sociodemographic determinants among Afghan immigrants in two major cities of Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 310 adult females from immigrant Afghan households in Tehran (n=155) and Mashhad (n=155), who were recruited through multistage sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, usin...

Individuals who violate expectations increase uncertainty during social interactions. Three experiments explored whether expectancy-violating partners engender "threat" responses in perceivers. Participants interacted with confederates who violated or confirmed expectations while multiple measures were assessed, including cardiovascular reactivity, task performance, appraisals, and behavior. In...