Measuring small normal pressures is essential to accurately evaluate external stimuli in curvilinear and dynamic surfaces such as natural tissues. Usually, sensitive and spatially accurate pressure sensors are achieved through conformal contact with the surface; however, this also makes them sensitive to mechanical deformation (bending). Indeed, when a soft object is pressed by another soft obj...

Abstract The high concentrations of plastic and debris in the environment continue to rise each year as most plastics undergo minimal biological degradation. As are exposed sunlight, atmosphere, water, these polymers break into smaller pieces become individual polymer molecules. In this study, presence microplastics (MPs) mussels was investigated. Wild Asian green ( Perna viridis ) samples were...

A biophysically based multilayer continuum model of the facial soft tissue composite has been developed for simulating wrinkle formation. The deformed state of the soft tissue block was determined by solving large deformation mechanics equations using the Galerkin finite element method. The proposed soft tissue model is composed of four layers with distinct mechanical properties. These include ...

Abstract The identification of textile fibres from cultural property provides information about the object's technology. Today, microscopic examination remains preferred method, and molecular spectroscopies (e.g. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) Raman spectroscopies) can complement it but may present some limitations. To avoid sampling, non-invasive fibre optics reflectance spectroscopy (FORS)...

Soft computing is a powerful tool that is suited to handle complex problems of modelling and optimisation. The relationships between fibres, production parameters and spinning results are such an example. The relationships can be modelled using neural networks, learning classifier systems and memory based learning. A comparison is made of these techniques with the traditional statistical regres...

The aim of this work is to develop a new hyperelastic and anisotropic material mimicking histological and mechanical features of healthy and aneurysmal arterial tissues. The target material is constituted by rhombic periodic lattices of hyperelastic fibres embedded into a soft elastomer membrane. Based on a previous theoretical work yielding to an optimized microstructural arrangement and mecha...

INTRODUCTION Soft biological tissues, such as articular cartilage, can be represented by a porous matrix saturated by a fluid and reinforced by a network of statistically oriented fibres. The permeability of such tissues has been previously modelled and implemented for small deformations [1,2]. Recently, a new mathematical model has been proposed for the study of permeability under large deform...

A systematic morphological investigation of human palmaris longus tendons by polarisation microscopy and low angle x-ray diffraction is reported. It is shown that contrary to some previously reported observations, and in common with other tension bearing soft collagenous tissues, the fibres in this tendon are crimped. A new method of preparation of the tissue enabling one to see directly the cr...

Two aldimine bonds have been shown to be present as stabilizing cross-links in intact collagen fibres from soft tissues: dehydrohydroxylysinonorleucine as a major component and dehydrolysinonorleucine being present in trace quantities. In the highly insoluble collagens less dehydrohydroxylysinonorleucine is present but the proportion of dehydrolysinonorleucine increases. In elastin the latter a...