This study defined the height ratio of soft-rock strata and established a numerical model for analyzing shield construction in upper-soft, lower-hard composite together with field monitoring data. In this way, influence tunneling while passing under pile foundation culvert at short distance (the shortest is 1.4 m) typical Guangzhou can be examined. Moreover, reinforcement effects ground, bridge...

We present a systematic analysis of ground state properties of a tunneling system coupled to an Ohmic bath. The nonadiabatic effects induced by coupling with tunneling particle , on the ground state properties of phonons are taken into account. For this we have considered both displacement and deformation of phonons via a variational treatment. The symmetry breaking transition , or the delocali...

High-resolution infrared spectra of a jet-cooled cyclopropyl radical are reported for the first time, specifically sampling the in-phase antisymmetric CH2 stretch (nu7) vibration. In addition to yielding the first precise gas-phase structural information, the spectra reveal quantum level doubling into lower (+) and upper (-) states due to tunneling of the lone alpha-CH with respect to the CCC p...

Using tunable far infrared laser absorption spectroscopy, 12 vibration-rotation-tunneling (VRT) subbands, consisting of approximately 230 transitions have been measured and analyzed for an 82.6 cm’ intermolecular vibration of the water dimer-d4 Each of the VRT subbands originate from Kg = 0 and terminate in either Ki = 0 or 1. These data provide a complete characterization of the tunneling dyna...

In some spin tunneling problems, there are several different but symmetry-related tunneling paths that connect the same initial and final configurations. The topological phase factors of the corresponding tunneling amplitudes can lead to destructive interference between the different paths, so that the total tunneling amplitude is zero. In the study of tunneling between different ground state c...

Interference effects between Berry phase factors in spin tunneling systems have been discussed in recent Letters by Loss, DiVincenzo and Grinstein (LDG) [1] and von Delft and Henley (vDH) [2]. As physical realizations, LDG proposed tunneling of magnetic clusters, and vDH proposed an anisotropic spin hamiltonian and the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Kagomé lattice. In these examples, for cer...

The development and extension of large cities induced a need for shallow tunnel in soft ground of building areas. Estimation of ground settlement caused by the tunnel excavation is important engineering point. In this paper, prediction of surface subsidence caused by tunneling in one section of seventh line of Tehran subway is considered. On the basis of studied geotechnical conditions of the r...

By a polaronic energy shift, the effective charging energy of molecules can become negative, favoring ground states with even numbers of electrons. Here we show that charge transport through such molecules near ground-state degeneracies is dominated by tunneling of electron pairs which coexists with (featureless) single-electron cotunneling. Because of the restricted phase space for pair tunnel...