This paper reviews the main factors influencing the synthesis of vitamin D, with particular focus on ultraviolet radiation exposure. On the global level, the main source of vitamin D is the sun. The effect of solar radiation on vitamin D synthesis depends to some extent on the initial vitamin D levels. At moderate to high latitudes, diet becomes an increasingly important source of vitamin D due...

The ultraviolet (UV)-B spectrum in solar UV radiation is essential for stimulating the epidermal production of vitamin D but also damages DNA and causes cancer in exposed cells. We examined the role of solar UV in inducing DNA damage in blood lymphocytes and the possible modulation of this damage by serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) in 207 male and female participants from South Australia. P...

In this work both experimental and numerical analysis are carried out to investigate the effect of solar radiation on the cabin air temperature of Maruti Suzuki Celerio car parked for 90 min under solar load condition. The experimental and numerical analysis encompasses on temperature increment of air at various locations ins...

Many workers perform their daily activities outdoors and many anatomical body sites are exposed to UV radiation. The effects of solar radiation on human health depend on the amount and type of radiation impinging on the body. This paper aims to investigate and analyse the diurnal UV radiation exposure at typical anatomical site for farm workers. The diurnal distribution in solar UV exposure at ...

A clinical epidemiological study has been conducted as apart of research project investigating chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) as a factor contributing to the onset of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). The study included 623 subjects older than 50 from two different geographic areas, one with high solar radiation (the island of Solta - Region 1) and the other (Zagre...

An on-going investigation using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) has been carried out to measure the ambient dose equivalent rate of the cosmic radiation exposure of aircrew during a solar cycle. A semi-empirical model has been derived from these data to allow for the interpolation of the dose rate for any global position. The model has been extended to an altitude of up to 32 km...

Wetlands and tidal marshes in the Rhode River estuary of the Chesapeake Bay act as important sources of dissolved organic carbon and strongly absorbing dissolved organic matter (DOM) for adjacent estuarine waters. The effects of solar exposure on the photochemical degradation of colored DOM (CDOM) were examined for material derived from different sources (estuarine and freshwater parts of the R...

Marked inflammation of the cornea (keratitis solaris) is often observed after exposure to strong solar radiation, especially in high altitudes and snow-covered terrain. Using the action spectrum and the solar spectrum, the radiant exposure causing keratitis solaris was calculated for a horizontal surface. The parameters selected were altitude, season, ozone content and albedo. The radiant expos...