In its heyday alchemy was a comprehensive theory of transmutation describing not only transformations of base into precious metals but also transformations of the soul up and down the great chain of being. Alchemy was not just a physics but also a metaphysics. Alchemy as metaphysics attracts interest to this day, as in Carl Jung's writings about the soul and personal identity. As he noted, "The...

Attribution theory has long enjoyed a prominent role in social psychological research, yet religious influences on attribution have not been well studied. We theorized and tested the hypothesis that Protestants would endorse internal attributions to a greater extent than would Catholics, because Protestantism focuses on the inward condition of the soul. In Study 1, Protestants made more interna...

In her article "Aesthetics in Gao's Soul Mountain" Mabel Lee analyses Nobel Laureate 2000 Xingjian Gao's aesthetics. Transnational conglomerates today control the book industry from publishing house to bookshop and through aggressive market strategies they exert considerable influence on readers. Nonetheless, there are writers who refuse to capitulate to market demands and seek only to actualiz...

As the introduction to this book states: "Few subjects have stimulated a more intensive intellectual interchange than the nature of the human soul and its relationship to the body" (p. 3). All thirteen chapters are published here for the first time. The first four examine the developing conceptualization of the soul and its relationship to the body as perceived by the Greeks. Much here is famil...

anthropology is one of the most important issues in educational-hilosophical schools. the aim of this research is to find similarities and differences of body and soul from the viewpoints of imam mohammad ghazzali and thomas aquinas. analytical-comparative and library research methods have been used. these two scholars have similarities and differences on body and soul that their similarities a...

This paper describes the structure and operation of SouL, or SemanticallyOriented Understanding of Language. SouL is a knowledge intensive reasoning system which is opportunistically used to provide a more thorough, fme grained analysis of an input utterance following its processing by a case-frame speech parser. The SOUL postprocessor relies upon extensive semantic and pragmatic knowledge to c...

Many leading doctors and psychologists now speculate that unresolved trauma is responsible for many of the chronic diseases of Western populations. The body learns and then defaults to a maladaptive reaction to stress and becomes unable to maintain normal homeostasis. Trauma also leads to dissociation as a survival mechanism and a splitting of the psyche. Shamanic healers have had their own way...

Two experiments were conducted to explore whether children, who have been exposed to the concept of the soul, differentiate the soul from the mind. In the first experiment, 4to 12-year-old children were asked about whether a religious ritual affects the mind, the brain, or the soul. The majority of the children claimed that only the soul was different after baptism. In a follow-up study, 6to 12...