32 AI MAGAZINE ■ To construct a perpetual self-aware cognitive agent that can continuously operate with independence, an introspective machine must be produced. To assemble such an agent, it is necessary to perform a full integration of cognition (planning, understanding, and learning) and metacognition (control and monitoring of cognition) with intelligent behaviors. The failure to do this com...

within a 15-minute drive, one can travel from historic urban neighborhoods to productive working farms. Open space and natural features enhance all of our communities, from rural to urban. The need to plan for open space preservation is on-going. With the improving economy and accompanying development pressures, the need to plan to preserve open space is stronger than ever. This newsletter will...

Universities planning the provision of space for their teaching requirements, need to do so in a fashion that reduces capital and maintenance costs whilst still providing a high quality level of service. Space plans should aim to provide sufficient capacity without incurring excessive costs due to over-capacity. A simple measure used to estimate over-provision is utilisation. Essentially, the u...

Path planning systems using graph-search algorithms such as A* usually operate in uniform plan-view occupancy grids. However, the sensors used to construct these grids observe the environment in their own sample space based on sensor type and viewpoint. In this paper we present an image space technique for path planning in unknown unstructured outdoor environments. Our method differs from previ...

the purpose of the present work is to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the family of interval type-2 fuzzy reflexive/tolerance approximation spaces and the family of interval type-2 fuzzy closure spaces.

many epidemiological studies have found that people living in environments with more green space report better physical and mental health than those with less green space. however, the association between visits to green space and mental health has seldom been studied. the environment surrounding residences and its recreational and commuting opportunities are believed to affect human health and...

Casting planning as propositional satisfiability has been recently shown to be a very promising technique of plan synthesis. Some challenges, one of which is the development of hybrid propositional encodings (that combine the important notions from the existing encodings) have also been posed to the community [1]. The existing encodings [3] are either entirely based only on the plan space plann...

Although a substantial body of research concurs that most urban areas have a challenge in providing adequate car parking space, there is a scarcity in the literature on how conformity to planning standards that regulates the provision of car parking spaces may be analyzed. This study, therefore, examines the extent to which the planning standards that regulate compliance with the provision of c...