The pattern of postoperative heart rate variability may provide insight into the response of the autonomic nervous system to anaesthesia and surgery. We have obtained spectral (fast Fourier transform) and non-spectral indices of heart rate variability from electrocardiographic recordings, sampled during continuous perioperative Holter monitoring in 15 otherwise healthy patients with an uncompli...

We propose indices that describe the depth of consciousness (DOC) based on electroencephalograms (EEGs) acquired during anesthesia. The spectral Gini index (SpG) is a novel index utilizing the inequality in the powers of the EEG spectral components; a similar index is the binarized spectral Gini index (BSpG), which has low computational complexity. A set of EEG data from 15 subjects was obtaine...

The autonomic regulation is non-invasively estimated from heart rate variability (HRV). Many methods utilized to assess autonomic regulation require stationarity of HRV recordings. However, non-stationarities are frequently present even during well-controlled experiments, thus potentially biasing HRV indices. The aim of our study is to quantify the potential bias of spectral, symbolic and entro...

Forest ecosystems are among the largest terrestrial carbon reservoirs on our planet earth thus playing a vital role in global carbon cycle. Presently, remote sensing techniques provide proper estimates of forest biomass and quantify carbon stocks. The present study has explored Landsat-8 sensor product and evaluated its application in biomass mapping and estimation. The specific objectives were...

GPS L-band scintillations and total electron content (TEC) were recorded at Sanya (18.33◦N, 109.52◦E) during the period July 2004–July 2005. Automatic recorded raw digital scintillation data are analyzed to obtain the spectral characteristics of irregularities producing ionospheric scintillations and to estimate the correlation between amplitude scintillation and power spectral density. Concurr...

We explore the properties of selected mid-ultraviolet (1900–3200 Å) spectroscopic indices of simple stellar populations (SSPs). We incorporate the high resolution UVBLUE stellar spectral library into an evolutionary population synthesis code, based on the most recent Padova isochrones. We analyze the trends of UV indices with respect to age and chemical composition. As a first test against obse...

A vegetation/atmosphere radiative transfer method is employed to study atmospheric effects in spectral vegetation indices. A one-dimensional turbid medium model of a vegetation canopy that includes specular reflection and the hot spot effect is used to calculate canopy bidirectional reflectance factors. These are then used to specify the lower boundary condition of the atmospheric radiative tra...

Spectral indices from models of inflation which incorporate a Generalized Einstein Theory (GET) gravity sector are calculated to first order in a slow-roll expansion. By quantizing a suitably-generalized measure of the intrinsic curvature perturbation, the spectral indices as calculated in the Jordan frame now match those as calculated following a conformal transformation, in the Einstein frame...