Plant pathogens have evolved many dispersal mechanisms, using biotic or abiotic vectors or a combination of the two. Rain splash dispersal is known from a variety of fungi, and can be an efficient driver of crop epidemics, with infectious strains propagating rapidly among often genetically homogenous neighboring plants. Splashing is nevertheless a local dispersal process and spores taking the d...

We study the impact of a drop of liquid onto a thin layer of the same liquid. We give an overview of the sequence of events that occur as the two most important dimensionless control parameters are varied. In particular, multiple cohorts of droplets can be ejected at different stages after impact due to different mechanisms. Edgerton’s famous Milkdrop Coronet is only observed for a narrow range...

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to determine the air curtain velocities of hood to capture and contain the splashing oil. The optimal flow of air curtain velocities is introduced to apply cooking by pan frying. Methods: At the first stage, palm olein oil was poured to a pan and fried at constant temperature of 180 ± 5 °C for 140 seconds. In the meantime, the 4-air flows, which w...

In this paper we describe a method for modeling the dynamic behavior of splashing fluids. The model simulates the behavior of a fluid when objects impact or float on its surface. The forces generated by the objects create waves and splashes on the surface of the fluid. To demonstrate the realism and limitations of the model, images from a computergenerated animation are presented and compared w...

1. INTRODUCTION Splashing following the collisions of liquids or granular materials is often observed in a variety of natural and engineering problems, such as plunging or breaking water waves, liquid droplets impacting on a free surface or a thin film of the same liquid, etc. Splashing leads to fluid fragmentation and the generation of drops and spray as well as fluid aeration. These phenomena...

Melting of metallic plasma facing components such as tungsten (W) divertor, macroscopic melt motion, and melt splashing due to edge localized modes and plasma disruptions is a major concern in fusion devices such as ITER. The viscous stability analysis and computational modelling of coupled W-melt-plasma flows are performed using the developed volume-of-fluid magnetohydrodynamic code. The effec...

A liquid drop impacting a solid surface may splash either by emitting a thin liquid sheet that subsequently breaks apart or by promptly ejecting droplets from the advancing liquid-solid contact line. Using high-speed imaging, we show that surface roughness and air pressure influence both mechanisms. Roughness inhibits thin-sheet formation even though it also increases prompt splashing at the ad...

The corona splash due to the impact of a liquid drop on a smooth dry substrate is investigated with high-speed photography. A striking phenomenon is observed: splashing can be completely suppressed by decreasing the pressure of the surrounding gas. The threshold pressure where a splash first occurs is measured as a function of the impact velocity and found to scale with the molecular weight of ...