In the early phase of their disease process, patients with acute lung injury are often ventilated with strategies that control the tidal volume or airway pressure, while modes employing spontaneous breathing are applied later to wean the patient from the ventilator. Spontaneous breathing modes may integrate intrinsic feedback mechanisms that should help prevent ventilator-induced lung injury, a...

The mode of ventilation used during awake extubation has not previously been studied. We conducted a randomised controlled trial comparing spontaneous respiration, intermittent positive pressure ventilation, and pressure support ventilation (each n = 13) for incidence and severity of peri-extubation complications following routine elective surgery. We found the severity of peri-extubation cough...

1. The regional distribution of ventilation was studied with a 133Xe wash-out technique both after rebreathing and after intravenous injection of the isotope in six patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Measurements were performed in the sitting position during spontaneous and augmented abdominal breathing respectively. The contribution to ventilation of the rib-cage and abdomen was m...

OBJECTIVES To assess whether the combination of daily evaluation and use of a spontaneous breathing test could shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation as compared with weaning based on our standard of care. Secondary outcome measures included extubation failure rate and the need for noninvasive ventilation. DESIGN A prospective, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Two pediatric inte...

BACKGROUND The Golden Minute®, the first minute following birth of a newborn, is a critical period for establishing ventilation after delivery, as emphasized in the Helping Babies Breathe® and other resuscitation training programs. Previous studies have reinforced training through observers' evaluation of this time period; although observation is useful for research, it may not be a sustainable...

The mechanisms generating intrinsic or auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during controlled mechanical ventilation in a relaxed patient also occur during spontaneous breathing or when the patient triggers the ventilator during an assisted mode [1, 2]. These include an increased time constant for passive exhalation of the respiratory system, a short expiratory time resulting from a rel...

BACKGROUND Chronic respiratory failure (CRF) is associated with nocturnal hypoventilation. Due to the interaction of sleep and breathing, sleep quality is reduced during nocturnal hypoventilation. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NMV), usually performed overnight, relieves symptoms of hypoventilation and improves daytime blood gas tensions in patients with CRF. The time course of the long t...

Introduction Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a common life-threatening condition in children. There are controversies in the management of this condition, including the type of ventilation during bronchoscopy. This study aims to compare anesthesia with controlled ventilation versus spontaneous ventilation in rigid bronchoscopy in children with foreign body aspiration. Materials an...

Background—Chronic respiratory failure (CRF) is associated with nocturnal hypoventilation. Due to the interaction of sleep and breathing, sleep quality is reduced during nocturnal hypoventilation. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NMV), usually performed overnight, relieves symptoms of hypoventilation and improves daytime blood gas tensions in patients with CRF. The time course of the long te...

Spontaneous pneumothorax in the setting of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been first described as an unlikely complication, mainly occurring critically ill patients or a consequence mechanical ventilation. We report case with COVID-19 pneumonia followed by spontaneous young non-smoker without any predisposing pathology.