main purpose of current study is development of a new multi zone model for direct injection diesel engines. zone configuration is based on conical shape of spray. siebers’s correlation is used for spray cone angle calculation. experimental data are used for calculation of fuel inlet mass flow rate. fuel diffusion in different zones is calculated using fick’s law. a chemical kinetics mechanism c...

The objective of the research was to understand and improve the unusual physical and atomization properties of the complexes/adhesives derived from the tapioca starch by addition of borate and urea. The characterization of physical properties of the synthesized adhesives was carried out by determining the effect of temperature, shear rate, and mass concentration of thickener/stabilizer on the c...

In this study, a two-fluid nozzle, as, e.g., used in fluidized-bed or spray drying applications, is comprehensively characterized regarding the pattern and droplet size. To analyze cone, cone angle radial mass distribution of nozzle were measured at varied liquid flow rate, air pressure, insert bore diameter, cap position. Additionally, size distributions recorded different settings. general, o...

Liquid fuel injection and atomization have a significant influence on the combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engines. Using x-ray radiography, it is possible to obtain quantitative and time-resolved data in the primary breakup region close to the injector nozzle. However, most previous studies on model validations have employed optical measurements that are not applicable in this...

Goal is to investigate how delivery nozzle design influences the cooling rate of cryogen spray as used in skin laser treatments. Cryogen was sprayed through nozzles that consist of metal tubes with either a narrow or wide diameter and two different lengths. Fast-flashlamp photography showed that the wide nozzles, in particular the long wide one, produced a cryogen jet (very small spray cone ang...

The structure of the pressure swirl nozzle is key factor affecting atomization quality. Optimal design conducive to improving quality and has important significance for efficiency stability combustor. effect section diameter, contraction angle, straight expansion angle on spray cone liquid film thickness studied by numerical simulation. results show that both decrease with increase angle. As di...

Pressure swirl atomizers are widely used in gas turbine combustor; this paper is aimed at researching the effect of low ambient pressure (0.1 MPa to 0.01 MPa, lower than an atmosphere) on spray cone angle atomizer. The captured by high-speed photography; then, image post program process magnitude. A mathematical model a single droplet’s movement and trajectory based force analysis proposed vali...

Evaporative cooling by water spray is increasingly used as an efficient and environmentally-friendly approach to enhance thermal comfort in built environments. The complex two-phase flow in a water spray system is influenced by many factors such as continuous phase velocity, temperature and relative humidity patterns, droplet characteristics and continuous phase-droplet and droplet-droplet inte...