This paper reports on the Response Time Index (RTI) of sprinkler heads. The standard plunge test has been carried out in a hot wind tunnel, which is similar to the one developed at the Fire Research Station, United Kingdom. Some of the modifications have been finished in this wind tunnel for the higher accuracy purpose. About 37 liquid-in glass sprinkler heads are studied including the pendent ...

The relative reduction in potential ground-water contamination due to pesticides at several sites in Utah was determined by comparing alternative irrigation system designs, water management practices and pesticides. Alternative sprinkler irrigation distribution coefficients were used to estimate infiltration depths. The movement of pesticides through soils following sprinkler irrigations was si...

S prinklers are used extensively in a variety of fire protection applications. These systems are required to perform effectively over a wide range of extremely harsh and complex operating conditions. The sprinkler performance depends on the initiation, formation, dispersion and surface cooling characteristics of the sprays created by these devices. The behaviour of sprinkler sprays is strongly ...

This paper describes and evaluates Sprinkler, a reliable highthroughput broadcast facility for geographically dispersed datacenters. For scaling cloud services, datacenters use caching throughout their infrastructure. Sprinkler can be used to broadcast update events that invalidate cache entries. The number of recipients can scale to many thousands in such scenarios. The Sprinkler infrastructur...

Irrigation consumes considerable water to satisfy the current food demand. An improvement in water use efficiency for irrigation is essential. Wind drift and evaporation losses reduce the water use efficiency of center pivot irrigation systems in arid and semi-arid areas. In this paper, a model of water vapor dynamics during and after overhead sprinkler irrigation was developed and validated by...

THE SOILS of the drier regions of the Hawaiian Islands have a very high manganese content. Kelley ( 1909) has reported that certain darkcolored soils which are closely associated with the red soils have an Mna04 content ranging from 2.4 to .9.7 per cent. He has indicated the relationship between the poor growth of pineapples and the high manganese content of these soils (1909, 1910 ) : In a lat...

Reliability study on a sprinkler system based on the new proposal for old high-rise buildings in Hong Kong was carried out. Fault tree analysis was used to analyze the reliability of the sprinkler system. The mean fractional dead time representing the failure probability of the sprinkler system on demand was calculated. It is found that the design is not so promising because of using smaller ta...

Real-time fire detection, alerting and suppression system detects the presence of fire in indoor scenarios by recording the video inside the room via surveillance camera installed. This system introduces an image processing technique through video surveillance to detect the fire using different experts by combining three classifiers based on color, shape and motion of the fire. This detection s...

The impact of emergent macrophyte species and crepuscular sprinkler disturbance on mosquito abundance over a 2-year period was measured in wetland mesocosms. Mosquito oviposition and abundance of immature mosquitoes and aquatic invertebrates were monitored in monotypic plots of small-stature (height of mature stands <1.5 m) alkali bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus) and large-stature (height of ...

The development of a coupled crop model (Ador-Crop) and solid set sprinkler irrigation model (Ador-Sprinkler) is reported in this work. The crop model incorporates many of the features developed in the well-known CropWat model. Improvements include the use of thermal time and the input of daily ET0. The solid set sprinkler model applies ballistic theory to determine water distribution resulting...