We consider probability measure preserving discrete groupoids, group actions and equivalence relations in the context of general spaces. study for these objects notions cost, $\beta$-invariant some higher-dimensional variants. also propose various convergence results about $\ell^2$-Betti numbers rank gradient sequences actions, groupoids or under weak finiteness assumptions. In particular we co...

A bstract Using the upper bound on inelastic reaction cross-section implied by S-matrix unitarity, we derive thermally averaged maximum dark matter (DM) annihilation rate for general k → 2 number-changing reactions, with ≥ 2, taking place either entirely within sector, or involving standard model fields. This translates to a mass of particle saturating observed DM abundance, which, dominantly s...

alfalfa and maize are important agricultural plants for animal consumption. in this survey, accumulation quantity of heavy metals (fe,zn,mn,cd,pb,ni,cr) in plants irrigated by sewage and well water were compared statistically together and with normal or standard(permeable) limits in plants or foraging, during 2005. the results were as following 1-maize: the value of accumulation in maize irriga...

Introduction: In recent years, attraction toward drinking bottled mineral water has increased. Therefore, chemical composition and safety of these waters considering trace elements and heavy metals should confirm the national or international standard limits. The aim of this study was to evaluate and comparison of the mineral and heavy metal composition of bottled waters in Bandar Abbas with Ir...

BACKGROUND:Raw and roasted nuts are one of the most popular snacks consumed in Iran but mishandling and poor storage conditions and practices may lead to promote the growth of microorganisms and foodborne intoxications and infections. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to investigate the microbial quality of raw and roasted (salted and unsalt- ed) n...

A recent analysis of the He abundance determined from observations of extragalactic HII regions indicates a significantly greater uncertainty for the He mass fraction. The derived value is now in line with predictions from big bang nucleosynthesis when the baryon density determined by WMAP is assumed. Based on this new analysis of He, we derive constraints on a host of particle properties which...