In diagnostic test studies, one crucial task is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a test. Currently, most studies focus on the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve and the Area Under the Curve. On the other hand, the Youden index, widely applied in practice, is another comprehensive measurement for the performance of a diagnostic test. For a continuous-scale test classifying diseased a...

Using the replica method, we develop an analytical approach to compute the characteristic function for the probability P(N)(K,λ) that a large N×N adjacency matrix of sparse random graphs has K eigenvalues below a threshold λ. The method allows to determine, in principle, all moments of P(N)(K,λ), from which the typical sample-to-sample fluctuations can be fully characterized. For random graph m...

This paper is the first of two from the Monetary Services Indices (MSI) Project at the Federal Reserve Bank ofSt. Louis. The second paper, Working Paper 96-008B, summarizes the methodology, construction and data sourcesfor the an extensive new database of monetary services indices, often referred to as Divisia monetary aggregates, for the United States. This paper surveys the microeconomic theo...

The Hirsch index (commonly referred to as h-index) is a bibliometric indicator which is widely recognized as effective for measuring the scientific production of a scholar since it summarizes size and impact of the research output. In a formal setting, the h-index is actually an empirical functional of the distribution of the citation counts received by the scholar. Under this approach, the asy...

Recently, gender equality and women’s entrepreneurship have gained considerable attention in global economic development. Prior to the design of any policy interventions increase entrepreneurship, it is significant comprehend factors motivating women become entrepreneurs. The non-understanding can result endurance low living standards expensive ineffectual policies. But female involvement becom...