Previous research indicated that the size of the ovulatory follicle at the time of insemination significantly influenced pregnancy rates and embryonic/fetal mortality after fixed-timed AI in postpartum cows, but no effect on pregnancy rates was detected when cows ovulated spontaneously. Our objective was to evaluate relationships of fertility and embryonic/fetal mortality with preovulatory foll...

We used meat-inspection data collected over a period of three years in Switzerland to evaluate slaughterhouse-level, farm-level and animal-level factors that may be associated with whole carcass condemnation (WCC) in cattle after slaughter. The objective of this study was to identify WCC risk factors so they can be communicated to, and managed by, the slaughter industry and veterinary services....

User models for email filtering should be developed from appropriate training and test sets. A k-fold cross-validation is commonly presented in the literature as a method of mixing old and new messages to produce these data sets. We show that this results in overly optimistic estimates of the email filter’s accuracy in classifying future messages because the test set has a higher probability of...

or, using Einstein’s summation convention, as u = vi gi. (3) The summation convention implies that repeated indices appearing exactly twice in a single term (by term we mean any single vector or tensor quantity or any product of vector and/or tensor quantities) are to be summed from 1 through d (where d is the number of dimensions), i.e., for example in three dimensions, v = vi gi = v1 g1 + v2 ...

BACKGROUND Hospitals use patient satisfaction surveys to assess their quality of care. A key question is whether these data provide valid information about the medically related quality of hospital care. The objective of this study was to determine whether patient satisfaction is associated with adherence to practice guidelines and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction and to identify the ke...

We study the relation of the spin-statistics theorem to the geometric structures on phase space, which are introduced in quantisation procedures (namely a U(1) bundle and connection). The relation can be proved in both the relativistic and the non-relativistic domain (in fact for any symmetry group including internal symmetries) by requiring that the exchange can be implemented smoothly by a cl...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We describe the trends in stroke mortality in Brazil during 3 decades and investigate their differences according to regional disparities, sex, and age distributions. METHODS Official data on mortality and population estimates were retrieved to calculate standardized mortality rates (with the 1980 Brazilian population as a reference) in 6 age strata and in the 5 politic...

Cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, exhibiting spatial and temporal variations that pose challenges for designing robust therapies. Here, we propose the VEPART (Virtual Expansion of Populations for Analyzing Robustness of Therapies) technique as a platform that integrates experimental data, mathematical modeling, and statistical analyses for identifying robust optimal treatment protocols....

Tone languages are often reported to make use of utterancelevel intonation as well as of lexical tone. We test the alternative hypotheses that a) the coexistence of lexical tone and utterance-level intonation in tone languages results in a diminished functional load for intonation, and b) that lexical tone and intonation can coexist in tone languages without undermining each other’s functional ...