This paper deals with parameterization of hydraulic transmissivity during its estimation. Estimating transmissivity is based on the minimization of an misfit function defined as a leastsquares misfit between measured data and the model output. The transmissivity is assumed to be a piecewise constant space dependent function. Refinement indicators, indicating the effect on the optimal data misfi...

The flight feathers and their coverts of a European kestrel Falco tinnunculus have been tested for their air transmissivity. The transmissivity was measured in both directions, i.e. from ventral to dorsal and vice versa; the mean difference between the two directions was less than 10 %. However, the transmissivity of the inner versus outer vanes of the remiges and coverts differed significantly...

As interest in plasmonics grows the optical properties of thin metal films becomes increasingly significant. Here we explore the transmissivity of thin metal films at normal incidence, from the ultraviolet to microwaves, and show how, contrary to simplistic treatments, the microwave transmissivity may be much less than the optical transmissivity for films which are well below the skin depth in ...

Many techniques, approaches and tools were used in this Research to achieve the Methodology. Using artificial neural network to simultaneous hydraulic parameters is one of these techniques. Transmissivity and storativity consider the most important parameter in each aquifer due to the reality of their effect on the aquifer properties. In this research, it is assumed that the transmissivity (T) ...

The effect of the tilt angle of metal film on the transmissivity of subwavelength holes in optically thick metal film is investigated. The transmission efficiency is found can be highly dependent on the tilt angle. It is also found that when the input photons are polarized not along the eigenmode directions of surface plasmon polariton, a birefringent phenomenon is observed when the array with ...

Large amounts of hydrocarbon reserves are trapped in naturally fractured reservoirs which arechallenging in terms of accurate recovery prediction because of their joint fabric complexity andlithological heterogeneity. Canada, for example, has over 400 billion barrels of crude oil in fracturedcarbonates in Alberta, most of this being bitumen of viscosity greater than 106 cP in the GrosmontFormat...

Conventional pumping test analysis methodology assumes that aquifer transmissivity is invariant in space. The ramifications. of this assumption are examined for_ hypothetic~! ~nits who~e va~ations in transmissivity are considered to be reasonable representatmns of vanatmns possible m natural systems. The dependence of pumping test transmissivity on spatial (angular and radial) and temporal loca...

Experimental hydraulic heads and electrical (self-potential) signals associated with a pumping test were used in an inverse model to estimate the transmissivity distribution of a real aquifer. Several works reported in the literature show that there is a relatively good linear relationship between the hydraulic heads in the aquifer and electrical signals measured at the ground surface. In this ...

Abstract Water pressure beneath glaciers influences ice velocity. Subglacial hydrology models are helpful for gaining insight into basal conditions, but depend on unconstrained parameters, and a current challenge is reproducing elevated water pressures in winter. We eliminate terms related to englacial storage, opening by sliding, melt due changes the pressure-melting-point temperature, create ...

A multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser based on a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The NALM provides intensity-dependent transmissivity to equalize different-wavelength powers and the transmission can be uniquely optimized by controlling the cavity loss associated with a section of un-pumped EDF, which also enhances the output signal...