we design a novel nano-ring resonator using two-dimensional photonic crystal (2d-phc), for bio-sensing applications. the structure of biosensor is created by two-curve-shaped ring resonator which sandwiched by two waveguides. these are configured by removing one row of air holes. the refractive index of sensing hole is changed by binding an analyte. hence, intensity of the transmission spectrum...

BACKGROUND Zambia adopted Option A for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in 2010 and announced a move to Option B+ in 2013. We evaluated the uptake, outcomes, and costs of antenatal, well-baby, and PMTCT services under routine care conditions in Zambia after the adoption of Option A. METHODS We enrolled 99 HIV-infected/HIV-exposed (index) mother/baby pairs with a first...

The latest trend towards performance asymmetry among cores on a single chip of a multicore processor is posing new software engineering challenges for developers. A key challenge is that for effective utilization of these performance-asymmetric multicore processors, code sections of a program must be assigned to cores such that the resource needs of a section closely matches resource availabili...

Vibrio fetus is significant in the sheep and cattle industries because it causes abortion and infertility. However, little is known of the metabolism of this organism. Smith and Taylor (1919) described V. fetus as being relatively difficult to cultivate immediately after isolation, but after repeated transfers cultivation became less difficult. The organism produced no gas and the reaction rema...