Purpose: To evaluate the current literature on the varicocele treatment and impact on fertility. Materials and Methods: Pertinent articles were identified through PubMed search on varicocele repair and male infertility. Discussion: The proposed mechanisms of how varicocele results in impaired spermatogenesis and infertility include an altered or impaired testicular blood flow, increased scrotal...

Varicocele is the most common diagnosis in men presenting to fertility clinics. Traditional indications for correction of varicocele include scrotal pain, testicular atrophy, and infertility without other apparent causes. Adolescent varicocele correction is indicated if pain or testicular growth retardation is present. Following varicocelectomy most studies report improved semen parameters, inc...

BACKGROUND To examine glutathione S-transferase M1 (GST M1) gene polymorphism and male infertility in Taiwanese patients with varicocele, 80 young male patients with varicocele (group 1), 62 young male patients with subclinical varicocele (group 2) and 60 normal young males (group 3) were recruited in this study. METHODS GST M1 null homozygous genotype [GST M1-] and the occurrence of a 4977 b...

Three non-invasive methods for the detection of a varicocele were evaluated in 63 men presenting with infertility. Physical examination, varicoscreen contact thermography and colour Doppler ultrasound were compared with spermatic venography as reference strategy. Physical examination had a sensitivity of 71%. Whether the non-palpable varicoceles are all subclinical is questionable since the spe...

AIM To investigate the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the sperm content and motility of the varicocelized rats. METHODS Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Experimental varicocele was induced by partial ligation of the left renal vein in the varicocele, the varicocele repair, the varicocele with EGF and the varicocele repair with EGF groups, wherea...