PURPOSE To determine the limits of agreement between subjective refraction and autorefraction before and after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to assess whether autorefraction is a valid refractive outcome measure of refractive surgery. SETTING Ultralase, Leeds, United Kingdom. METHOD The prospective study involved consecutive preoperative normal patients and post-LASIK patients who ha...

We explored the impact of the eye's higher-order aberrations on subjective refraction comparing two classes of methods for estimating refractive state, one based directly on the wave aberration defined in the pupil plane and another based on the retinal image plane. The method defined in the pupil plane chose the sphere and cylinder that either minimized the wave aberration root mean square or ...

To the Editor: Piñero et al,1 in the August 2010 issue of the Journal of Refractive Surgery, addressed the complexity of obtaining refraction in eyes that have been implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). It has been shown that automated and wavefront refractors may not yield accurate measurement of residual refractive error for secondary laser vision correction in eyes with multif...

Reduced vision throughout early childhood is typically due to errors of refraction. Objective: To compare refractive status in children (age 5 15 years) checked with subjective refraction under cycloplegia versus post mydiatric test (PMT). Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted pediatric ophthalmic clinic College ophthalmology and Allied sciences /Mayo hospital Lahore includin...

PURPOSE To determine whether the initial characteristics of individual patterns of peripheral refraction relate to subsequent changes in refraction over a one-year period. METHODS 54 myopic and emmetropic subjects (mean age: 24.9±5.1 years; median 24 years) with normal vision were recruited and underwent conventional non-cycloplegic subjective refraction. Peripheral refraction was also measur...

One of the main goals of cataract surgery is to achieve the planned postoperative refraction, thus minimizing the prediction error to prevent large refractive surprises. Uncertainty of the postoperative intraocular lens (IOL) position (described by postoperative anterior chamber depth [ACD]) is one of the unavoidable errors that arise when planning the diopter of the IOL. It can cause a postope...

PURPOSE To test the validity and repeatability of an automated subjective refractor compared with subjective refraction performed by clinicians. Corrected visual acuity was used to compare the validity of each technique. METHODS On each of two visits separated by at least 1 week, the following were measured in 60 naive subjects (mean age, 33 +/- 11 years): automated objective refraction (AOR)...

Our purpose was to examine the long-term efficacy of toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in cataract patients with high astigmatism due to corneal ectasia, who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Five eyes of 3 cataract patients with topographically stable keratoconus or pellucid macular degeneration (PMD), in which phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation was used to c...