نتایج جستجو برای: subnational government
تعداد نتایج: 130993 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
This Essay examines the recent wave of American Indian tribal constitutional change through the framework of subnational constitutional theory. When tribes rewrite their constitutions, they not only address internal tribal questions and communicate tribal values, but also engage with other subnational entities, i.e. states, and the federal government. This Essay applies that framework to a stud...
This article addresses the determinants of regulatory agency design in multipartycoalition governments. Previous research has mainly focused on U.S. institutions, producing context-specific findings. We found electoral uncertainty, government turnover, and coalition size to be key factors explaining the bureaucratic autonomy of 31 state regulatory agencies recently created at the subnational le...
Nigeria has had an elected federal government only 17 of its 46 years since independence in 1960; experiencing a civil war, 1967-70 (Nafziger 1983); persistent military repression; and a series of irregular regime transfers through overthrows, assassinations, and coups. “The consequences of frequent military intervention in Nigerian politics have been devastating – human rights repression, mili...
This paper discusses the findings of a multi-country study on the interaction of and Nigeria. We compare and contrast the division of expenditure responsibilities and taxation powers in the federations. The countries studied had a common pattern of centralized taxation and tangled subnational and federal responsibilities in many policy areas. The second part of the paper focuses on the dynamics...
This paper explores the link between fiscal decentralization and government size in Latin America. While most related work attempts to test Brennan and Buchannan's "Liviathan" hypothesis, here the emphasis is placed on a different channel: the potential for decentralization to aggravate the common pool problem. In addition to the degree of expenditure decentralization, we consider the importanc...
The typical post-Bretton-Woods era development approach that put much emphasis on central government-led development efforts has changed dramatically, and local governments have now clearly emerged as players in development policy. Now, the thinking about what is important to achieve development objectives is changing and fiscal decentralization reforms are now being pursued by many countries a...
The Chinese economic reform has created world-record breaking large scale and prolonged fast growth, and has reduced poverty at an unparalleled scale in world history. However, the Chinese institutions look notoriously odd with conventional wisdom. The Chinese reforms pose great challenges to economics. The Chinese political/economic institution is characterized as a regionally decentralized au...
The typical post-Bretton Woods era development growth, and public sector size. But decentralization is approach that emphasized central government-led surprisingly difficult to measure. Nearly all cases development efforts has changed dramatically, and local examining the relationship between decentralization and governments have clearly emerged as players in macroeconomic performance have reli...
Although Mexico experienced high growth rates in the 1960s, 1970s, and early 1980s, the country has not fared well in terms of improvements in poverty and equality, growth in GDP, and job growth in some sectors in the last couple of decades. In conjunction, during the last twenty-five years, the traditional industrial policies of tariffs, local content requirements and quotas have been phased o...
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