Abstract: In this study, the effects of variation of thickness and the number of quantumwells as well as the contact length were investigated. In this paper, a vertical cavity surfaceemitting laser was simulated using of software based on finite element method. Thenumber of quantum wells was changed from 3 to 9 and the results which are related tooutput power, resonance ...

Subsidiary is a company that was born due to the transfer or participation of majority shares by another it called parent company. There are no regulations related subsidiaries in laws and companies regarding Regional Owned Enterprises. This has resulted confusion position regional-owned subsidiaries, especially unclear state finances subsidiary companies. The problem this research what legal s...

In this study, we theoretically identify three dimensions of expatriate competenciesability, motivation, and opportunity seeking—for knowledge transfer. Integrating the ability-motivation-opportunity framework and the absorptive capacity perspective, we propose that expatriate competencies in knowledge transfer influence a subsidiary's performance through the knowledge received by the subsidiar...

Article history: Received 28 January 2009 Received in revised form 8 March 2010 Accepted 9 March 2010 Available online 14 October 2010 Despite its theoretical and managerial significance, subsidiary entrepreneurship and its effects on subsidiary contribution remain underexplored in the literature. We propose that subsidiary entrepreneurship encourages more creative strategic responses to escala...

Notwithstanding the growing body of research on headquarters–subsidiary relationships, the conditions under which subsidiary autonomy leads to enhanced subsidiary performance is still a subject of debate. This study adopts a contingency approach and investigates the effects of external uncertainties and intra-MNE coordination on the performance benefits of subsidiary autonomy. The empirical ana...

This paper views MNC subsidiaries as being embedded in two knowledge networks (a) an internal network comprised of the subsidiaries and headquarters of the MNC and (b) an external network of host country firms. We hypothesize that the position (centrality) of the subsidiary in these networks and the characteristics (richness) of the networks will impact the extent of their influence on subsidia...