OBJECTIVE To contrast the efficacy of two exercise programs, segmental stabilization and strengthening of abdominal and trunk muscles, on pain, functional disability, and activation of the transversus abdominis muscle (TrA), in individuals with chronic low back pain. DESIGN Our sample consisted of 30 individuals, randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: segmental stabilization, where...

introduction: besides having major effects on the stability of lumbar vertebrae, diaphragm and abdominal muscles play an important role in respiration. the function of these muscles may gradually change in patients with chronic low back pain leading to an inefficacious respiration. the aim of this study was to evaluate respiratory volumes in a group of patients with chronic low back pain and to...

Cervical spinal loads are predominately influenced by activities of cervical muscles. However, the coordination between deep and superficial muscles and their influence on the spinal loads is not well understood. This study aims to document the changes of cervical spinal loads and the differential contributions of superficial and deep muscles with varying head postures. Electromyography (EMG) o...

OBJECTIVE To provide evidence for the existence of 6 myofascial meridians proposed by Myers based on anatomic dissection studies. DATA SOURCES Relevant articles published between 1900 and December 2014 were searched in MEDLINE (PubMed), ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed human anatomic dissection studies reporting morphologic continuity between the muscular con...

Background: Variation in flexibility can put an unusual amount of annoyance on the framework musculoskeletal system. The hamstring muscles are restricted when they short, which interfere with everyday activities and is usually a cause for concern. hamstrings increases as suboccipital muscles' tone deteriorates,, single neuronal pathway that goes through dura mater connects them called superfici...

Facial musculature is divided into masticatory muscles, i.e. M. masseter and M. buccalis, with bony insertions and smaller facial muscles involved in facial expression, which insert into bone and skin. There are four fixed osteocutaneous points of the face, i.e. zygomatic (Mac Gregor), mandibular (Furnas), orbital (Psillakis), and masseteric with an antigravitational effect and functional role ...