The author presents an unusual extension of the cerebrospinal fluid space into the proximal tympanic part of the facial nerve, and points out the clinical and surgical significance of this anatomical variation.

The cystic artery is the key structure sought to be clipped or ligated during laparoscopic or conventional cholecystectomy. The possible complications like hemorrhage or hepatobiliary injury are always centered on the search, dissection, and clipping or ligation of the cystic artery, many a time because of possibility of variations in its course and relations to the biliary ducts. This descript...

A 7-year-old boy was first seen by his local pediatrician in October 1956, with complaints of polydipsia, polyuria, and enuresis. Blood pressure recordings at this time were equal in all extremities and were elevated to as high as 260/150 mm. Hg. Intravenous pyelography and a phentolamine (Regitine) test were reported as negative. In November 1956, the patient underwent exploratory laparotomy. ...

With the advent of laparoscopic surgery, the need of optimal visualization and efficient instrumentation has created a need for better understanding of the characteristics of the surgical plume. Despite the technological advances of digital imaging and dissector technology (ultrasonic, radiofrequency electrical, and bipolar), the inconvenient and sometimes harmful generation of a surgical plume...

the author presents an unusual extension of the cerebrospinal fluid space into the proximal tympanic part of the facial nerve, and points out the clinical and surgical significance of this anatomical variation.