Nerve growth factor (NGF) deprivation induces a Bax-dependent, caspase-dependent programmed cell death in sympathetic neurons. We examined whether the release of cytochrome c was accompanied by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential during sympathetic neuronal death. NGF- deprived, caspase inhibitor-treated mouse sympathetic neurons maintained mitochondrial membrane potential for 25-30 h ...

Zhu, Yu and Jerrel L. Yakel. Modulation of Ca currents by 1993); sympathetic neurons can be identified because they various G protein-coupled receptors in sympathetic neurons of selectively express a transient T-type calcium (Ca) current male rat pelvic ganglia. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 780–789, 1997. The (Zhu et al. 1995). Ca channels of sympathetic neurons modulation of voltage-gated calcium (Ca)...

Homeodynamics based on theories of complexity and chaos and its impact on mechanisms generating sympathetic activity are presented. Activity in rats cervical, lumbar and renal sympathetic nerves was analyzed. In time domain glutamate stimulation of neurons within medullary periambigual area (PAA) disturbed temporal pattern of respiratory-sympathetic synchronization. Divalént calcium antagonists...

Sympathetic neurons depend on nerve growth factor (NGF) for survival and die by apoptosis in its absence. We have investigated the pattern of expression of the Jun and Fos family of transcription factors in dying sympathetic neurons using antibodies specific for each family member. When sympathetic neurons are deprived of NGF, the level of c-Jun protein significantly increases, whereas the leve...

The ability of the growth cones of sympathetic preganglionic neurons to recognize the neurons they encounter during their outgrowth and to react to them in a cell-type-specific manner may play a role in guiding them to appropriate targets during development in vivo. In this study, we examined the in vitro growth of sympathetic preganglionic neurons as they interacted with motor neurons, dorsal ...

Superoxide anion (O2-*) production is elevated in sympathetic ganglion neurons and in the vasculature of hypertensive animals; however, it is not known what enzymatic pathway(s) are responsible for O2-* production. To determine the pathway(s) of O2-* production in sympathetic neurons, we examined the presence of mRNA of NADPH oxidase subunits in sympathetic ganglionic neurons and differentiated...

BACKGROUND Sprouting of sympathetic fibers into sensory ganglia occurs in many preclinical pain models, providing a possible anatomical substrate for sympathetically enhanced pain. However, the functional consequences of this sprouting have been controversial. We used a transgenic mouse in which sympathetic fibers expressed green fluorescent protein, observable in live tissue. Medium and large ...

background: most research on autonomic dysfunction of diabetes mellitus is conducted on ganglions innervating gastrointestinal (gi) tract and there are limited works focusing on cervical sympathetic ganglia. the effects of diabetes mellitus (dm) on the neurons of superior cervical sympathetic ganglion (scsg) are investigated by stereological methods.   material and methods: female rats (n=72) r...

Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is a pleiotropic growth factor that signals via the Ron receptor tyrosine kinase. We report that Ron mRNA is expressed by NGF-dependent sensory and sympathetic neurons and that these neurons survive and grow with MSP at different stages of development. Whereas NGF-dependent sensory neurons become increasingly responsive to MSP with age, sympathetic neurons e...

Sympathetic neurons, when placed in culture during the period of naturally occurring cell death, will die by apoptosis when deprived of nerve growth factor (NGF). In this system, the mRNA levels of the BCL-2 family members decrease after NGF deprivation and during apoptosis. Sympathetic neurons from BCL-2-deficient mice died more rapidly after NGF deprivation than neurons from wild-type litterm...