Simple and economical procedures for large-deformation elasto-plastic analysis of frames, whose members can be characterized as beams, are presented. An assumed stress approach is employed to derive the tangent stiffness of the beam, subjected in general to non-conservative type distributed loading. The beam is assumed to undergo arbitrarily large rigid rotations but small axial stretch and rel...

The main objective of this paper is to develop a multiscale method for the static analysis of a nano-system, based on a combination of molecular mechanics and MLPG methods. The tangent-stiffness formulations are given for this multiscale method, as well as a pure molecular mechanics method. This method is also shown to naturally link the continuum local balance equation with molecular mechanics...

In the present study the stiffness of the superficial ligaments of 14 human cadaver wrist joints have been determined. In these experiments the tested, fresh-frozen carpal joints are divided into a number of bone-ligament-bone complexes, which are loaded in a tensile testing machine at a rate of 66% of the ligaments' initial length per second to a maximal strain of 15%. From the force-elongatio...

A fully implicit iterative integration procedure is developed for local and geographically distributed hybrid simulation of the seismic response of complex structural systems with distributed nonlinear behavior. The purpose of this procedure is to allow experimental elements in simulations using existing fully implicit integration algorithms designed for pure numerical simulations. The implemen...

STUDY DESIGN A biomechanical study using a cadaver model was conducted to define the function of the nuchal ligament in the restraint of flexion of the cervical spine. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that surgical resection of the nuchal ligament significantly reduces the structural restraints to cervical flexion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although previous studies have examined the role ...

Cell mechanical properties on a whole cell basis have been widely studied, whereas local intracellular variations have been less well characterized and are poorly understood. To fill this gap, here we provide detailed intracellular maps of regional cytoskeleton (CSK) stiffness, loss tangent, and rate of structural rearrangements, as well as their relationships to the underlying regional F-actin...