An efficient method towards the synthesis of quinoline fused tricyclic compounds involving an intramolecular 1,3-dipolar nitrile oxide cycloaddition reaction utilizing Baylis-Hillman derivatives in good yields has been described for the first time. A highly functionalized tricyclic framework was created by forming two rings and two adjacent stereocentres through the formation of two N-C bonds, ...

The term Riga-Fede disease has been used to describe chronic traumatic ulceration that occurs on the ventral surface of the tongue by natal and neonatal teeth in infants. It is important to diagnose the lesion and treat it by eliminating the source of trauma. In this case report, the neonatal tooth was extracted and after 2 weeks the lesion was resolved and the baby was feeding well.In addition...

intraosseous movement of an unerupted tooth across the midline of the jaw is known as dental transmigration. this infrequent event is mostly found in the mandibular canines. there are four new cases of mandibular canine transmigration presented here. the literature on this anomalous phenomenon is also reviewed.

introduction multiple dentigerous cysts are rare and mostly associated with syndromes. case presentation the present case report is unique, as the dentigerous cysts enclosed the lateral incisor, canine, first and second premolars of the mandible and were accompanied by a complex odontoma, instead of first mandibular molar. conclusions multiple unilateral nosyndromic dentigerous cysts with compl...

this report presents a rare case of bi-rooted primary maxillary canines. a 6-year-old girl presented at the department of pediatric dentistry, faculty of dentistry, mashhad university of medical sciences, iran, with the chief complaint of pain in the lower right quadrant of her dentition. radiographic examination revealed bifurcation of primary maxillary canine roots. this report discusses the ...

objective : the aim of this study was to assess the amount of interdental bone in posterior areas of the mandible for placing orthodontic mini-implants to provide and control anchorage in orthodontic treatment. materials and methods : the amount of interdental bone in areas between the second premolars and first molars, first and second molars on the right and left sides of the mandible were de...

abstract : dens invagination (di) is a developmental abnormality of teeth which frequently results in a complex internal anatomy of the root canal system. di type 3 is an anomaly characterized by infolding of enamel and dentin extending into the root apex. this may present difficulties when forming a diagnosis and treatment plan. many treatment modalities have been presented in case reports for...

abstract : a 28-year old patient was referred for endodontic treatment of his left mandibular second molar. the patient had no history of systemic diseases and his chief complaint was spontaneous pain in left posterior region of mandible. clinically, there was a deep caries in the left mandibular second molar. radiographic examination of this tooth revealed a long crown containing large pulp ch...

although the delayed exfoliation of primary teeth among children is a common dental problem, simultaneous presence of primary teeth and corresponding successors is a rare feature in adults. this paper reports an unusual case in which both permanent teeth (molars, premolars, and canines) and primary teeth were present simultaneously. this report describes questions concerning the etiology of ove...

background. efficient canal preparation is the key to successful root canal treatment. this study aimed to assess the cleaning and shaping ability, preparation time and file deformation of rotary, reciprocating and manual instrumentation in canal preparation of primary molars. methods. the mesiobuccal canals of 64 extracted primary mandibular second molars were injected with india ink. the samp...