Studying biological and social determinants of mortality and fertility provides insight into selective pressures in a population and the possibility of trade-offs between shortand long-term reproductive success. Limited data is available from post-demographic transition populations. We studied determinants of reproductive success using multi-generational data from a large, population-based coho...

Historical trends in U.S. nonmarital fertility have been compiled almost exclusively from vital statistics on births. This paper complements this historical record by providing cohort estimates of nonmarital fertility for cohorts of U.S. women spanning approximately 50 years of cohort experience. Life table estimates using retrospective marital and fertility histories in the June 1980, 1985, 19...

BACKGROUND The neonatal Apgar score at 5 min has been found to be a better predictor of outcomes than the Apgar score at 1 min. A baby, however, must pass through the first minute of life to reach the fifth. There has been no research looking at predictors of recovery (Apgar scores ≥7) by 5 min in neonates with 1 min Apgar scores <4. METHODS An analysis of observational data was conducted usi...

Introduction: Birth weight is considered as an important health indicator. since there is a meaning full relationship between LBW and neonatal death it is necessary to program some useful Interventions to diminish LBW. In this study we assess the  relation  between the birth weight and the supplementary usage (folic acid, iron , multivitamins), Methods: This is a case -control study which  acc...

Background: Prolonged hyperbilirubinemia is defined as jaundice persisting more than two and three weeks of life in term and preterm neonates, respectively. In total, 15-40% of jaundiced neonates became prolonged. The most common causes of prolonged hyperbilirubinemia are breastfeeding, infection, hypothyroidism, and continued hemolysis. Given the fact that no study was conducted on the associa...

Advanced maternal age at birth is considered a major risk factor for birth outcomes. It is unclear to what extent this association is confounded by maternal characteristics. To test whether advanced maternal age at birth independently increases the risk of low birth weight (<2,500 g) and preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation), we compared between-family models (children born to different mothers ...

BACKGROUND Preterm birth is a global problem in Perinatal and infant Health. Currently is gaining a growing attention. Rates of preterm birth have increased in most countries, producing a dramatic impact on public health. Factors of diverse nature have been associated to these trends. In Chile, preterm birth has increased since 90. Simultaneously, the advanced demographic transition has modifie...