The black-bean aphid Aphis fabae bears populations of coccoid symbiotic bacteria Buchnera spp. at 2.0-3.2 x 10(7)cells mg(-1)aphid mass and rod-shaped secondary symbionts of uncertain taxonomic affiliation at 0.1-0.6 x 10(7)cells mg(-1)aphid mass. Buchnera provides essential amino acids, supplementing the poor supply in the aphid diet of plant phloem sap. Comparison of the performance of A. fab...

Parasitoid host selection behaviour has been extensively studied in experimentally simplified tritrophic systems formed by one single food chain (one plant, one herbivore and one parasitoid species). The "Mother knows best" hypothesis predicts that the preference for a plant-host complex should be positively correlated with plant quality for offspring performance. We studied the host selection ...

introduction cultivation of medicinal plants in agricultural ecosystems plays an important role in the diversification and sustainability of these systems (rezaei-chiyaneh & dabbagh mohammadi nassab, 2014). therefore, the application of ecological principles such as multi-ship system seems essential in the production of these plants. zarifpour et al. (2014) in intercropping arrangements of cumi...

Recent aphid-vectored viruses in the northeastern U.S. led to extensive surveys of aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species composition. We report the species composition and richness of alate aphids associated with processing snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Fabales: Fabaceae) agroecosystems from field surveys conducted during 5 yr in New York and 3 yr in Pennsylvania. Rates of species accumulati...

' Nine of the subject compounds have been synalog, 2,2-dimethyl-3-thiophanone 0-(methylcarthesized and evaluated for their insecticidal bamoyl)oxime, elicits a miticidal response; this properties. These materials are characterized by material is also toxic to the aphid and housefly good activity to the housefly, a lower order of efand shows a high order of systemic activity. In fectiveness agai...

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a major component of the virus complex that has become more pronounced in snap bean in the midwestern and northeastern United States since 2001. Multiple-vector-transfer tests were done to estimate the CMV transmission efficiencies (p) of the main aphid species identified in commercial snap bean fields in New York and Pennsylvania. The four most efficient vectors ...

In Iran, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) is a uniparental parasitoid of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae), that possesses various highly evolved adaptations for foraging within ant-tended aphid colonies. Direct observations and video recordings were used to analyze the behavior of individual females foraging for A. fabae on bea...

In feeding, aphids inject saliva into plant tissues, gaining access to phloem sap and eliciting (and sometimes overcoming) plant responses. We are examining the involvement, in this aphid-plant interaction, of individual aphid proteins and enzymes, as identified in a salivary gland cDNA library. Here, we focus on a salivary protein we have arbitrarily designated Protein C002. We have shown, by ...