in internal combustion engines, only about a third of the total fuel input energy is converted into useful work. if the energy rejected into the cooling system and the exhaust gases could be recovered instead and put into useful work, fuel economy would have been substantially improved. the main aim of this research paper was to evaluate the effects of the hybrid nano-catalyst containing cerium...

A new self-consistent dynamic electro-thermal model for power HBTs is presented coupling a circuit-oriented electrical model, fitted on experimental data, with a full frequency domain thermal model. The thermal model provides the exact frequency behaviour of the device thermal impedance through a quasi-3D approach. The electro-thermal self-consistent solution is achieved, in large-signal period...

A variety of physical heating mechanisms are combined with radiative cooling to explore, via one dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, the expected thermal properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) in the context of the cooling flow problem. Energy injection from type Ia supernovae, thermal conduction, and dynamical friction (DF) from orbiting satellite galaxies are considered as potential he...

The thermal balance analysis is a useful method to determine energy distribution and efficiency of internal combustion (IC) engines. In engines cooling concepts, estimation of heat transfer to brake power ratio, as one of the most significant performance characteristics, is highly demanded. In this paper, investigation of energy balance and derivation of specific heat rejection is carried out e...

Coupled electro-thermal field exists widely in chemical batteries and electrolysis industry. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model, which is based on the finite-element software ANSYS, has been built to simulate the electro-thermal field in a magnesium electrolysis cell. The adjustment of the relative position of the anode and cathode can change the energy consumption of the magnes...

Understanding the thermal effects is critical in optimizing the performance and durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). A PEMFC produces a similar amount of waste heat to its electric power output and tolerates only a small deviation in temperature from its design point. These stringent thermal requirements present a significant heat transfer challenge. The heat balance also...