Prompt gamma-ray burst spectra evolve on short time scales, suggesting that time-resolved spectral fits may help diagnose the still unknown prompt emission mechanism. We use broad-band gamma-ray data from the RHESSI spacecraft to test quasi-thermal models with high signal-to-noise time-resolved spectra of nine bright gamma-ray bursts. In contrast to results reported in more narrow energy bands,...

An atmospheric correction tool has been developed for public web site access for the Landsat-5 and Landsat-7 thermal band. The Atmospheric Correction Parameter Calculator uses the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) modeled atmospheric global profiles for a particular date, time and location as input. Using commercially-available MODTRAN software and a suite of integration algo...

A multi-layer photonic crystal can be used to suppress coherent thermal conductance below the vacuum conductance value, over the entire high-temperature range. With interlacing layers of silicon and vacuum, heat can only be carried by photons. The thermal conductance of the crystal would then be determined by the photonic band structure. Partial photonic band gaps that present over most of the ...

In this paper we explore theory, design, and fabrication of photonic crystal (PhC) based selective thermal emitters. In particular, we focus on tailoring spectral and spatial properties by means of resonant enhancement in PhC’s. Firstly, we explore narrow-band resonant thermal emission in photonic crystals exhibiting strong spectral and directional selectivity. We demonstrate two interesting de...

We ascertain the effect of thermal conducive on the initiation and growth of shear bands in a structural steel by analyzing the development of shear bands in a block undergoing overall adiabatic simple shearing deformations. The material of the block is assumed to exhibit strain and strain-rate hardening, and thermal softening. Three constitutive relations, namely, the Litonski law, the Bodner-...

Photonic band gaps can emerge when materials are periodically organized with characteristic dimensions on the order of the wavelength of light. Such materials are commonly known as photonic crystals. Proposed applications for photonic crystals include a wide range of functional optical devices including lowloss optical fibers, three-dimensional waveguides, zero-threshold lasers, sensors, and en...

Exfoliation, i.e. individual separation of carbon sheets, is of great interest to produce single-layered graphene nanosheets. Chemical or thermal treatments are popular approaches to exfoliate graphite chunks. In general, these conventional methods are assisted with intercalation via covalent or non-covalent functionalization, expansion, and swelling, adsorption of organic molecules in gas phas...

Thermal infrared (TIR) imagery is normally acquired at coarser pixel resolution than that of shortwave sensors on the same satellite platform and often the TIR resolution is not suitable for monitoring crop conditions of individual fields or the impacts of land cover changes that are at significantly finer spatial scales. Consequently, thermal sharpening techniques have been developed to sharpe...