The mitigation of first wall thermal and mechanical loads and damage from runaway electrons during disruptions are critical for successful long term operation of ITER. Disruption mitigation tools based on shattered pellet injection are being developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory that can be employed on ITER to provide the necessary mitigation of thermal and mechanical loads from disruption...

During the long-term operation, mallets of the forging hammers are exposed to thermal fatigue due to the cyclic temperature changes and impact loads. Taking into account very high price, and a risk of buying frequently the new parts, the necessity of their reparation becomes obvious. The forging hammer mallet (Figure 1), is primarily exposed to the impact compressive loads, and partially also t...

Internal and surface bone remodelling of inhomogeneous long cylindrical bone is studied both theoretically and numerically in this chapter. Based on the theory of adaptive elasticity, two solutions for thermoelectroelastic problems of bone remodelling, are presented to study effects of mechanical, thermal and electric loads on bone remodelling process. The external loads may be of coupled axial...

Pressure vessel is a container used to store fluids under pressure and temperature. The fluids can be air, water, chemicals, fuel, gases etc. are most commonly used in food and chemical industries, oil refineries and so on. Pressure vessel is subjected to thermal and structural loads for power plant applications. Since the pressure vessel are subjected to both structural and thermal loads stres...

Extended research in recent years has unveiled a plethora of uses of loads as demand response resources. This thesis focuses on the use of thermal loads as frequency reserves, under the current frequency control setup of power systems. In the proposed methods loads can be utilized in parallel to conventional spinning reserves. Most of the literature usually neglects practical load constraints o...

Currently, strategies to mitigate urban heat island (UHI) effects and reduce building energy consumption are implemented worldwide. In Japan, as an effective means of mitigating UHI effects and saving energy of buildings, highly reflective (HR) roofs have increasingly been used. In this study, in order to evaluate the effect of HR roofs on building energy conservation, we investigated the solar...

The intention of this study is the analysis of thermal behavior of functionally graded beam (FGB). The distribution of material properties is imitated exponential function. For thermal loading the steady state of heat conduction with exponentially and hyperbolic variations through the thickness of FGB, is considered. With comparing of thermal behavior of both isotropic beam and FGB, it is appea...

Cryogenically cooled components in infrared instruments designed by Utah State University's Space Dynamics Laboratory traditionally have been mounted on glass-epoxy composite (G-10) cylinders for thermal isolation. Ensuring adequate mechanical stiffness to withstand typical launch loads often compromises the desired thermal isolation and conduction parasitic heat loads become a concern. Beginni...

Experiments are conducted on damaged and undamaged space shuttle tile thermal protection system (TPS) to determine its thermomechnical behavior. The TPS specimens, which consists of a LI-900 tile, the strain isolator pad and the underlying structure, is subjected to a temperature profile corresponding to the thermal loading of the Access to Space (ATS) reference vehicle. Experiments are conduct...