Currently, LED datasheets report a single figure of merit: the thermal resistance, Rth. This figure of merit is generally specified for one ill-defined operating condition and does not adequately address the intertwined relations among optical, thermal, and electrical performance requirements. Effective luminaire design requires more granularity than is currently available in conventional LED d...

The energy requirement of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) with or without recirculation was modelled using both experimental results and theoretical data. The trends are generally consistent between the theoretical and experimental data. Thermal energy contributes the most to the total energy required for the VMD process. To lower the thermal energy cost, waste heat resource and heat recover...

A thermal diode is a two-terminal nonlinear device that rectifies energy carriers (for example, photons, phonons and electrons) in the thermal domain, the heat transfer analogue to the familiar electrical diode. Effective thermal rectifiers could have an impact on diverse applications ranging from heat engines to refrigeration, thermal regulation of buildings and thermal logic. However, experim...

The theoretical advantages that Silicon Carbide (SiC) material offers are being realized by using prototype or experimental devices in many different applications ranging from medium voltage to high voltage. The main advantages of using SiC based devices are reduced thermal management requirements and smaller passive components which result in higher power density. An overview of the SiC resear...

BACKGROUND The study aimed to determine predictive factors for postcesarean pain and analgesia using an assessment of pain threshold and suprathreshold thermal stimuli as well as degree of somatization and anxiety. METHODS Thirty-four healthy parturients scheduled for cesarean delivery under subarachnoid anesthesia were enrolled. Preoperative thermal pain threshold, intensity, and unpleasantn...

Right now employment of polices and tools to decrease the carbon emission through electricity generation from renewable resources is one of the most important problem in energy policy. Tradable Green Certificate (TGC) is an economics mechanism to support green power generation. Any country has the challenge to choose an appropriate policy and mechanism for design and implementation of TGC. The ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS In the management of peptic ulcer bleeding, the benefits of second-look endoscopic treatment with thermal coagulation or injections in controlling recurrent bleeding is unsure. This study set out to compare efficacy of routine second-look endoscopy with treatment using either thermal coagulation or injections versus single endoscopy by pooling data from published work. MET...

background: the aim of his study was to determine development time and thermal requirements of three myiasis flies including chrysomya albiceps, lucilia sericata, and sarcophaga sp. methods: rate of development (rod) and accumu­lated degree day ( add) of three important forensic flies in iran, chrysomya albiceps, lucilia sericata, and sarcophaga sp. by rearing individuals under a single constan...