Underground mines are a special type of environment which requires significant attention since they directly relate to miners‟ productivity, health and safety. With coal or ore exploitation into deep underground mine environments, high temperature and humidity creates risks because of large amounts of heat generated from geothermal heat, mining machines, groundwater and mine water. There have b...

The colliding winds interaction zone in WR+O binaries is a highly complex environment. In this review we summarize the progress made towards its theoretical understanding during the last years. We review the effect of different physical processes on the interaction zone, among them geometry and orbital motion, radiative forces, thermal conduction, instabilities and turbulence, ionizing radiatio...

The structure and dynamics of Earth’s interior depend crucially upon heat flow and thus upon the thermal conductivity of its constituents. We measured optical absorbance spectra of hydrous wadsleyite and hydrous ringwoodite at simultaneous high-pressure and high-temperature conditions up to 26 GPa and 823 K in order to determine their radiative conductivities and to study the potential thermal ...

Heat conduction of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) isotope-superlattice is investigated by means of classical molecular dynamics simulations. Superlattice structures were formed by alternately connecting SWNTs with different masses. On varying the superlattice period, the critical value with minimum effective thermal conductivity was identified, where dominant physics switches from zone-...

There is a sustained interest in using magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry to monitor the radiofrequency ablation of liver tumours as a means of visualizing the progress of the thermal coagulation and deciding the optimal end-point. Despite numerous technical challenges, important progress has been made and demonstrated in animal studies. In addition to MR thermometry, MR can now be used for th...

The design of buildings is a multi-criterion optimization problem, there always being a tradeoff to be made between capital expenditure, operating cost, and occupant thermal comfort. This paper investigates the application of a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) search method in the identification of the optimum payoff characteristic between the elements of the building design problem. Re...

Following the design of the German research reactor, FRM-II, which delivers high thermal neutron fluxes, we have already developed an asymmetric compact cylindrical core with an inner and outer reflector. The goal was to maximize the maximum thermal flux to power ratio, which is a desirable characteristic of a modern research reactor. This design, for a 10 MW power, was analyzed using MCNP, ORI...

a small salt gradient solar pond with an average surface area of 1.8 m2 and depth of 0.8m has been tested. the depths of storage, gradient and surface zones are 0.3, 0.27 and 0.07m, respectively. the temperature of the storage zone for the summer days reaches its maximum of 65˚ c after about 8 days. daily variation of the storage zone temperature was about 8˚c which is due to small volume of th...

The feasibility of using ultrasound-based elastic modulus imaging to visualize thermal ablation zones in an in vivo porcine model is reported. Elastic modulus images of soft tissues are estimated as an inverse optimization problem. Ultrasonically measured displacement data are utilized as inputs to determine an elastic modulus distribution that provides the best match to this displacement field...

The upcoming deployment of satellite-based microwave sensors designed specifically to retrieve surface soil moisture represents an important milestone in efforts to develop hydrologic applications for remote sensing observations. However, typical measurement depths of microwave-based soil moisture retrievals are generally considered too shallow (top 2–5 cm of the soil column) for many important...