Oligonucleotides are indispensable tools in diagnostics, therapeutic applications and molecular biology. The low base pairing strength of thymine with adenine complicates their use. Ethynylpyridone C -nucleoside analogs thymidine that pair more strongly improved selectivity, sequences containing these show target affinity but routine use is hampered by diminished yields solid-phase syntheses th...

Oxidative stress, ionizing radiation, and other events can induce the oxidation of the thymine in DNA to thymine glycol. The presence of thymine glycol can have significant biological consequences, and there are specific repair enzymes for thymine glycol in a wide range of organisms. The structure of a duplex DNA containing a single thymine glycol (5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymidine) has been d...

Oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) synthesis, which avoids the formation of side products, is of great importance to biochemistry-based technology development. One side reaction of ODN synthesis is the cyanoethylation of the nucleobases. We suppressed this reaction by synthesizing ODNs using fully protected deoxynucleoside 3'-phosphoramidite building blocks, where the remaining reactive nucleobase resi...

Distribution of thymine in protein coding mRNA sequences has been studied here. Our study suggest that thymine in protein coding sequences are not randomly distributed but with probability. Frame1 prefers to have definite amount of thymine. It is observed that the thymine content of frame 4 is also involved in protein coding. Frame 3 prefers to have least amount of thymine. However, frame 2 and...

Based on density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level, we investigated interaction of DNA nucleobases with carbon nano-rings in armchair and zigzag shapes. Van der Waals correction was applied to describe long range term bipolar interaction. Results indicate that a net electric charge not transferred between bases nano-rings. This indicates is physical type. Outcomes show following order ...

[reaction: see text]. A very simple methodology to stereoselectively achieve tricyclic isonucleosides (nucleobase = thymine, uracil, and 5-fluoruracil) and 3'-C-branched nucleosides (nucleobase = theophylline) was performed by means of a DBU-mediated addition process using a readily available 2-bromo sugar. The mechanism for these transformations implies the loss of both substituents at C-2 and...

Happiness has been viewed as a temporary emotional state (e.g., pleasure) and a relatively stable state of being happy (subjective happiness level). As previous studies demonstrated that individuals with high subjective happiness level rated their current affective states more positively when they experience positive events, these two aspects of happiness are interrelated. According to a recent...

Partial mercuration of DNA, such that roughly one mercuric ion is bound for every two thymine residues, results in an enhancement of the phosphorescence by a factor of ten and a small enhancement of the photosteady thymine dimer yield. Complete mercuration of DNA [one Hg(II) added per momoner unit] results in quenching of the phosphorescence intensity and an inhibition of thymine dimer producti...

A substantial loss of deoxyribonucleic acid-thymine occurs during thymine starvation of several thymine auxotrophs derived from Escherichia coli strains B, 15, and K-12.

The mammalian DNA glycosylase--methyl-CpG binding domain protein 4 (MBD4)--is involved in active DNA demethylation via the base excision repair pathway. MBD4 contains an N-terminal MBD and a C-terminal DNA glycosylase domain. MBD4 can excise the mismatched base paired with a guanine (G:X), where X is uracil, thymine or 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU). These are, respectively, the deamination produ...