a new approach is proposed to model a crack in orthotropic composite media using the extended finite element method (xfem). the xfem uses the concept of partition of unity in addition to meshless basic idea of approximating a field variable by its values at a set of surrounding nodes. as a result, higher order approximations can be designed with the same total number of degrees of freedom. in t...

In this paper, controlling the location of the tip of an L-shape beam under gravity field is investigated. The beam is covered with piezoelectric patches. The gravity filed moves the tip of beam downward and the actuators with induced voltage move the tip to the previous location. to optimize the best location and voltages for actuators, the particle swarm optimization algorithm code is develop...

Objective: Nasal tip refinement is an important objective in aesthetic rhinoplasty and one of the surgical options for soft tissue management in very thick bulbous skin and subcutaneous noses is tip defatting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and complications of tip defatting in thick skin and bulbous noses.     Methods: Among 527 patients that underwent rhinoplasty in Modar...

bean yellow mosaic virus (bymv, potyvirus, potyviridae) causes serious disease in gladiolus spp. in this work, the possibility of obtaining bymv free plant material from virus infected gladiolus corms was studied. thermotherapy, meristem-tip culture and combination of both techniques on infected corms/meristem-tip explants (0.5–1 mm in length) resulted in bymv elimination up to 15.38, 78.04 and...

this paper highlights the effect of silt content on cone tip resistance in loose silty sand. in this study, twenty-seven cone penetration tests are performed in saturated silty sand samples with several different silt contents ranging from 10 to 50 percent. the samples are consolidated at three overburden stresses including 100, 200 and 300 kpa. it is shown that, as the silt content increases, ...

In cosmetic rhinoplasty, the patient's satisfaction is most often determined by the quality of the tip surgery, but perfecting a technique for consistently attractive tips can be challenging. As a result, rhinoplasty surgery is now entering a new era of "designer tip" operations, wherein surgeons can employ a combination of open suture tip techniques and tip refinement grafts to achieve consist...

rhinoplasty is one of the most common aesthetic procedures in the world. it is the most common aesthetic surgery procedure in iran. achieving complete patient satisfaction is almost impossible but improving the aesthetics and function of the nose is the aim of surgery. this report describes a 34 years old woman with a large bump in the tip of the nose after three times cosmetic rhinoplasties. t...

Reliability of gas turbine power plant is related to the blade normal operation. In this paper, a new on-line condition monitoring method has been presented to evaluate two important factors affecting the turbine blades that are the tip clearance and tip deformation. A K band’s microwave sensor has been simulated and optimized in CST Microwave Studio software. Scattering parameters of the near...

abstract: application of atomic force microscope as a manipulator for pushing-based positioning of nano-particles has been of considerable interest during recent years. however a detailed modeling of the interaction forces and control on the afm tip is important for prosperous manipulation control, a reliable control of the afm tip position during the afm-based manipulation process is a main is...

peach (prunus persica l. batsch.) is produced in most areas of iran, where flowering is hindered by temperature. using plant growth regulators to delay bloom is a suggestive measure to avoid frost damage. the objective of this study was to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (mj) and salicylic acid (sa) on peach bloom delay and yield.  this study evaluated the applications of mj 0 (contro...