Transactional memory (TM) is an alternative synchronization model for shared in memory data objects that promise to alleviate difficulties with lock-based synchronization (e.g., lack of compositionality, deadlocks, lock convoying). A transaction is a sequence of operations, performed by a single thread, for reading and writing shared objects. Distributed TM is motivated by the similar difficult...

Since statistical machine translation (SMT) and translation memory (TM) complement each other in matched and unmatched regions, integrated models are proposed in this paper to incorporate TM information into phrase-based SMT. Unlike previous multi-stage pipeline approaches, which directly merge TM result into the final output, the proposed models refer to the corresponding TM information associ...

Optimistic concurrency relies on speculative execution, read-write conflict detection, and checkpointrollback techniques to provide a programming model that replaces locks with the abstraction of atomic, isolated execution of critical sections. Previous research has shown that on chip multi-processors, a class of workloads featuring irregular parallelism and rare read-write conflicts can reap s...

Recent studies suggest that wave motions of the tectorial membrane (TM) play a critical role in determining the frequency selectivity of hearing. However, frequency tuning is also thought to be limited by viscous loss in subtectorial fluid. Here, we analyze effects of this loss and other cochlear loads on TM traveling waves. Using a viscoelastic model, we demonstrate that hair bundle stiffness ...

Loss of endothelial thrombomodulin (TM) function is associated with macrovascular, microvascular, and inflammatory diseases. Loss of TM function impairs the generation of the anticoagulant protease activated protein C (aPC), which conveys important neuroprotective effects. Yet, the physiological relevance and the mechanism through which the TM-aPC system maintains nerve function remain unknown....

A three-dimensional static nonlinear finite-element model of a 22-day-old newborn middle ear is presented. The model includes the tympanic membrane (TM), malleus, incus, and two ligaments. The effects of the middle-ear cavity are taken into account indirectly. The geometry is based on a computed-tomography scan and on the published literature, supplemented by histology. A nonlinear hyperelastic...

Estimation of precipitable water (PW) in the atmosphere from ground-based Global Positioning System (GPS) essentially involves modeling the zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD) in terms of surface Pressure (Ps) and subtracting it from the corresponding values of zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) to estimate the zenith wet (non-hydrostatic) delay (ZWD). This further involves establishing an appropriate ...

The calculation by computer simulation of the melting temperature and the phase diagram of different water models has been proven a stringent test of the water force field. The ice Ih melting temperature Tm is systematically underestimated. Only a few models yield more or less satisfactory values for Tm. These are 3 TIP4P/ice 270 K and TIP5P Ref. 5 272 K . The former model also gives a good des...

Transactional memory (TM) has shown potential to simplify the task of writing concurrent programs. TM shifts the burden of managing concurrency from the programmer to the TM algorithm. The correctness of TM algorithms is generally proved manually. The goal of this thesis is to provide the mathematical and software tools to automatically verify TM algorithms under realistic memory models. Our fi...

Our previous work focuses on combining translation memory (TM) and statistical machine translation (SMT) when the TM database and the SMT training set are the same. However, the TM database will deviate from the SMT training set in the real task when time goes by. In this work, we concentrate on the task when the TM database and the SMT training set are different and even from different domains...