Abstract. This research aims to give insight into the processes of public interaction between police and antigovernment protesters during Coronavirus Crisis in Poland by evaluating crowd control mechanisms. It addresses question: where does model anti-government protest policing developed Polish Police Covid-19 pandemic lie on a continuum antinomic ideal types escalated force negotiated managem...

Workers in insect societies are sometimes observed to kill male eggs of other workers, a phenomenon known as worker policing. We perform a mathematical analysis of the evolutionary dynamics of policing. We investigate the selective forces behind policing for both dominant and recessive mutations for different numbers of matings of the queen. The traditional, relatedness-based argument suggests ...

This paper evaluates the concept of virtual path (VP) policing as an alternative to virtual channel (VC) policing in an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network. The Usage Parameter Control (UPC) function includes a peak rate and a sustainable rate policer. Both policers are implemented based on the Leaky Bucket algorithm defined by the ATM Forum. We implement VC and VP policers in parallel in ...

Predictive policing refers to the use of analytical techniques by law enforcement to make statistical predictions about potential criminal activity.2 Predictive policing can involve either predicting events (i.e., forecasting when and where crimes are likely to occur) or people (i.e., individuals likely to be victims or perpetrators of crimes). Instead of relying on an officer’s ‘hunch’ about a...

Policing strategies, and the terminology that accompanies them, can now be rapidly disseminated around the world. New tactics that are seen to apparently work elsewhere are often demanded of local police before any real evaluation has taken place. This paper looks at ‘intelligence-led policing’ – currently seen as one of the more positive contributions that policing can make to crime prevention...

Disclaimer: This research paper does not necessarily reflect the policy position of the Commonwealth Government. Adam Graycar Director This paper is timely, given that policing is currently going through a period of significant change in both operational tactics and organisational structures. New ideas in crime reduction and changes to shortand longterm policing strategies are underway. Intelli...

Mutual policing, where group members suppress each others' reproduction, is hypothesized to be important in the origin and stabilization of biological complexity. Mutual policing among workers in social insects can reduce within-colony conflict. However, there are few examples. We tested for worker policing in the common wasp Vespula vulgaris. Workers rapidly removed worker-laid eggs but left m...

The authors review research on police effectiveness in reducing crime, disorder, and fear in the context of a typology of innovation in police practices. That typology emphasizes two dimensions: one concerning the diversity of approaches, and the other, the level of focus. The authors find that little evidence supports the standard model of policing—low on both of these dimensions. In contrast,...

Policing is a widespread mechanism regulating cooperation in both human and animal social groups. Policing can promote the evolution and maintenance of cooperation among non-relatives by tying the reproductive success of individuals to the efficiency and success of the group. In this paper, we investigate the evolution of reproductive policing using a multi-scale computational model inspired by...

The repression of competition by mechanisms of policing is now recognized as a major force in the maintenance of cooperation. General models on the evolution of policing have focused on the interplay between individual competitiveness and mutual policing, demonstrating a positive relationship between within-group diversity and levels of policing. We expand this perspective by investigating what...