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Introduction Tolerancing an optical system has traditionally fallen between an art and a science. Experience and intuition has driven optical engineers for decades in deciding the appropriate tolerances to place on optical components and the mechanics holding them. In an effort to systematically quantify this process, mathematical methods have been reported by Warren Smith, Ronald Willey, and o...

David Hasenauer, CODE V Product Manager Introduction During the design of any optical system destined to be manufactured, it is critical to define a fabrication and assembly budget. This budget must consider any potential compensation that will be used during the manufacturing process to mitigate the performance degradation introduced by fabrication variations. It is important to specify the be...

The problem addressed in this paper is the development of a physico-mathematical basis for mechanical tolerances. The lack of such a basis has fostered a decoupling of design (function) and manufacturing. The groundwork for a tolerancing methodology is laid by a model of profile errors, whose components are justified by physical reasoning and estimated using mathematical tools. The methodology ...

A significant amount of research efforts has been given to explore the mathematical basis for 3D dimensional and geometric tolerance representation, analysis, and synthesis. However, engineering semantics is not maintained in these mathematic models. It is hard to interpret calculated numerical results in a meaningful way. In this paper, a new semantic tolerance modeling scheme based on modal i...

The Computer Aided Design (CAD) has been a very important tool for the design and manufacturing in recent years. However, the CAD has often been used as ‘Computer Aided Drafting’ for engineering parts in industry. The ‘design’ part of the CAD is often not very well implemented and by improving on it we can enhance the usefulness of the computer-based component of the manufacturing process. A ty...