Ion-selective electrode (ISE) based potentiometric gas sensors have shown to be promising analytical tools for detection of chemical vapors. However, such sensors are only capable of detecting those vapors which can be converted into ionic species in solution. This paper describes for the first time a polymer membrane ISE based potentiometric sensing system for sensitive and selective determina...

A miniature ion trap mass analyzer was applied to the analysis of traces of hydrocarbons and simple heteroatomics in the vapor phase and in aqueous solution. Vapors of acetone, acetic acid, acetonitrile, benzene, butanethiol, carbon disulfide, hexane, dichloromethane, naphthalene, toluene and xylenes were detected and quantified using solid sorbent trapping and, in some cases, by passage throug...

A MOUSE MODEL OF TOLUENE ABSTINENCE-INDUCED PATHOLOGYbySean P. CallanDecember 2016Advisor: Dr. Scott BowenMajor: PsychologyDegree: Doctor of PhilosophyThe intentional misuse of volatile solvents is a persistent public health concern. Limitedself-report data suggests that chronic inhalant abusers experience withdrawal symptoms includinganxiety and seizure ...

A chemical sensor (chemiresistor) was constructed from a xenon light bulb by coating it with a 3-D zinc oxide coated silica nanospring mat, where the xenon light bulb serves as the sensor heater. The sensor response to toluene as a function of xenon light bulb sensor temperature (TLB) and vapor temperature (TV) was observed and analyzed. The optimum operational parameters in terms of TLB and TV...

The toluene solution of a bottlebrush block copolymer, polystyrene–polylactide (PS–PLA), was confined in a cylinder-on-flat geometry, from which the consecutive ‘‘stick-slip’’ motion of the threephase contact line of the PS–PLA solution was effectively regulated as toluene evaporated, thereby yielding gradient stripes at the microscopic scale. Subsequent selective solvent vapor annealing led to...

This article is a critical review of some of the methods that have been used for the sampling, analysis, and monitoring of vapor-phase toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Only some of the methods that have received relatively widespread application have been addressed in this article. This review includes a "tutorial style" discussion of basic definitions and basic principles and procedures of quality ...

Ethylbenzene is primarily produced by the alkylation of benzene with ethylene in liquid-phase slurry reactors promoted with aluminum chloride catalysts or by vapor-phase reaction of benzene with dilute ethylene-containing feedstock with a boron trifluoride catalyst supported on alumina (Cannella 2007; Clayton and Clayton 1981; HSDB 2009; Welch et al. 2005; Ransley 1984). Newer versions of the m...

Carbon trees, quite different from those previously reported, have been produced by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition of toluene using ferrocene as the catalyst precursor. The influences of formation conditions such as catalyst mass, toluene flow rate, and reaction time on the tree growth and morphology have been investigated. The yield of carbon trees is greatly affected by catalyst quan...

Mathematical modeling is being increasingly used as a means for assessing occupational exposures. However, predicting exposure in real settings is constrained by lack of quantitative knowledge of exposure determinants. Validation of models in occupational settings is, therefore, a challenge. Not only do the model parameters need to be known, the models also need to predict the output with some ...

The sensitivity of a conceptual model of a foam emulsion bioreactor (FEBR) used for the control of toluene vapors in air was examined. Model parametric sensitivity studies showed which parameters affect the removal of toluene (as model pollutant) in the FEBR the most significantly, and enabled definition of the limits of the process. Detailed examination of the results indicated that the proces...