This study focused on bio-oil production by thermochemical liquefaction. For the reaction, burnt pine heartwood was used as feedstock material, 2-Ethylhexanol (2-EHEX) a solvent, p-Toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA) catalyst, and solvent for washing acetone. The procedure consisted of moderate-acid-catalysed liquefaction process, it applied at three different temperatures, 120, 140, 160 °C, 30, 105, 1...

In this study, biodiesel was produced from sludge palm oil (SPO) using tolune-4-sulfonic monohydrate acid (PTSA) as an acid catalyst in different dosages in the presence of methanol to convert free fatty acid (FFA) to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), followed by a transesterification process using an alkaline catalyst. In the first step, acid catalyzed esterification reduced the high FFA content...

UV curable PUA resin was successfully synthesized from polyol based on sustainable resource originated from itaconic acid (IA), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). A polyol was synthesized by condensation reaction of IA with 16-hexanediol in the presence of p-Toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA). The synthesized PUA resin was characterized for its structural elucidatio...

The therapeutic application of vitamin E is seri­ ously limited by its very low solubility in aqueous phases, and tocopherols cannot be used when in­ stant adm inistration of a strong antiradical and antioxidant agent is needed. To increase solubility in w ater and facilitate perm eability through cellu­ lar m em branes tocopherol can be attached to a carbohydrate moiety [1]. The synthesis of s...

HAVE BEEN USING the method of Pearson, Stern, and McGavack (1) for the determination of cholesterol for some time. It has proved to be a convenient and accurate procedure and the reaction had always gone smoothly. One day recently, however, the tubes were set up for the determination as usual, using a freshly prepared solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid. Solutions made from the same bottle of so...

Objectives . To study the possibility of combining acid-catalytic cyclohexanol dehydration and alkoxycarbonylation formed cyclohexene with carbon(II) oxide in a single reactor order to achieve high yields target cyclohexyl cyclohexanecarboxylate product under mild conditions using Pd(OAc) 2 –PPh 3 – p -toluenesulfonic acid catalytic system. Methods The combined process took place toluene medium...

BACKGROUND Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a well-established surgery for medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) wherein the lower extremity is realigned to shift the load distribution from the medial compartment of the knee to the lateral compartment. However, this surgery is known to affect the posterior tibial slope angle (PTSA), which could lead to abnormal knee kin...

In the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid and iodine, styrene derivatives undergo head-to-tail dimerization followed by trapping with nitriles to yield the corresponding Ritter-type products.

We report the tailoring of the electrical properties of mechanically exfoliated multilayer (ML) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) by chemical doping. Electrical charge transport and Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed that the p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) imposes n-doping in ML MoS2. The shift of threshold voltage for ML MoS2 transistor was analyzed as a function of reaction time. The threshol...

a simple, efficient and clean procedure has been developed for the cleavage of imines c=n bond. deprotection of imines to their parent carbonyl and amine compounds was achieved using p-toluenesulfonic acid in the solid state condition at 25-45 ˚c. the salient features of this methodology are shorter reaction times, cheap processing, high yields of product and easy availability of the catalyst. ...