The objective of this review article is to abridge all the available information regarding the Mechanism of tooth bleaching and their consequences on dental soft and hard tissues structures ,physical properties morphology and color of composite restorations. The controversial reviews regarding the effects of dental bleaching agents were reviewed. Information from the original scientific full pa...

INTRODUCTION Tooth whitening represents perhaps the most common aesthetic procedure in dentistry worldwide. The efficacy of bleaching depends on three aspects: bleaching agent, bleaching method, and tooth color. OBJECTIVE This in vivo study aimed to examine whitening effects on frontal teeth of the upper and lower jaws using an over-the-counter (OTC) non-hydrogen peroxide bleaching agent in c...

The conventional light source used for tooth bleaching has the potential to cause thermal damage, and the actual role of the light source is doubtful. In this study, we evaluated bleaching efficacy, temperature, and morphological safety after tooth bleaching with nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma. Tooth bleaching combined with plasma had improved efficacy in providing a higher level of bri...

PURPOSE The aim of the present in vitro study was to assess the effect of bleaching agents on eroded and sound enamel specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enamel specimens prepared from human permanent anterior teeth were incubated with different bleaching agents containing active ingredients as 7.5 or 13.5% hydrogen peroxide or 35% carbamide peroxide, ranging in pH from 4.9 to 10.8. The effect o...

Present tooth-bleaching techniques are based upon hydrogen peroxide as the active agent. It is applied directly, or produced in a chemical reaction from sodium perborate or carbamide peroxide. More than 90% immediate success has been reported for intracoronal bleaching of non-vital teeth, and in the period of 1-8 years' observation time, from 10 to 40% of the initially successfully treated teet...

We investigated color change, gingival irritation, and tooth sensitivity in patients undergoing at-home vital tooth bleaching with a novel over-the-counter bleaching tray system. Tooth color shade in anterior teeth, supragingival plaque and gingivitis in Ramfjord teeth, as well as visual assessment of teeth gingival tissues and mucosa were evaluated in-office prior to treatment, after two conse...

After reading this article, the reader should be able to: • describe the process of nightguard vital bleaching and discuss indications and contraindications. • list the situations amenable to at-home whitening, including extended bleaching times for tetracyclinestained teeth. • explain how to treat side effects, such as tooth sensitivity during whitening. • discuss treatment options for a singl...

BACKGROUND Bleaching the discoloured teeth may affect the tooth/composite interface. The aim of this in vitro experimental study was to evaluate the effect of vital tooth bleaching on microleakage of existent class V composite resin restorations bonded with three dental bonding agents. METHODS Class V cavities were prepared on buccal surfaces of 72 intact, extracted human anterior teeth with ...

Tooth discolouration results from varied and complex causes that are usually classified as being either intrinsic or extrinsic in nature. Extrinsic discoloration arises when external chromogens are deposited on the tooth surface or within the pellicle layer. Intrinsic discoloration occurs when the chromogens are deposited within the bulk of the tooth (usually in the dentine) and are often of sy...

Regardless of the high success rate, patients commonly report the occurrence of tooth sensitivity during the in-office bleaching procedures. Recently, it has been demonstrated that using a customized tray (called sealed in-office bleaching technique) reduces peroxide penetration. The aim of this randomized clinical study was to evaluate tooth sensitivity and bleaching efficacy of sealed bleachi...