let $g=(v,e)$ be a connected simple graph. a labeling $f:v to z_2$ induces two edge labelings $f^+, f^*: e to z_2$ defined by $f^+(xy) = f(x)+f(y)$ and $f^*(xy) = f(x)f(y)$ for each $xy in e$. for $i in z_2$, let $v_f(i) = |f^{-1}(i)|$, $e_{f^+}(i) = |(f^{+})^{-1}(i)|$ and $e_{f^*}(i) = |(f^*)^{-1}(i)|$. a labeling $f$ is called friendly if $|v_f(1)-v_f(0)| le 1$. for a friendly labeling $f$ of...

Let $G$ be a $(p,q)$ graph. Let $f:V(G)to{1,2, ldots, k}$ be a map where $k in mathbb{N}$ and $k>1$. For each edge $uv$, assign the label $gcd(f(u),f(v))$. $f$ is called $k$-Total prime cordial labeling of $G$ if $left|t_{f}(i)-t_{f}(j)right|leq 1$, $i,j in {1,2, cdots,k}$ where $t_{f}(x)$ denotes the total number of vertices and the edges labelled with $x$. A graph with a $k$-total prime cordi...

Let G be a (p, q) graph. Let f : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} be a map. For each edge uv, assign the label gcd (f(u), f(v)). f is called k-prime cordial labeling of G if |vf (i) − vf (j)| ≤ 1, i, j ∈ {1, 2, . . . , k} and |ef (0) − ef (1)| ≤ 1 where vf (x) denotes the number of vertices labeled with x, ef (1) and ef (0) respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and not labeled with 1....

Let G be a (p, q) graph. Let k be an integer with 2 ≤ k ≤ p and f from V (G) to the set {1, 2, . . . , k} be a map. For each edge uv, assign the label |f(u) − f(v)|. The function f is called a k-difference cordial labeling of G if |νf (i) − vf (j)| ≤ 1 and |ef (0) − ef (1)| ≤ 1 where vf (x) denotes the number of vertices labelled with x (x ∈ {1, 2 . . . , k}), ef (1) and ef (0) respectively den...

In this paper we discuss cordial labeling in the context of arbitrary supersubdivision of graph. We prove that the graphs obtained by arbitrary supersubdivision of path as well as star admit cordial labeling. In addition to this we prove that the graph obtained by arbitrary supersubdivision of cycle is cordial except when n and all mi are simultaneously odd numbers. Mathematics Subject Classifi...

LetG be a graph with vertex set V (G) and edge setE(G). A labeling f : V (G) → {0, 1} induces an edge labeling f ∗ : E(G) → {0, 1}, defined by f ∗(xy) = |f (x) − f (y)| for each edge xy ∈ E(G). For i ∈ {0, 1}, let ni(f ) = |{v ∈ V (G) : f (v) = i}| and mi(f )=|{e ∈ E(G) : f ∗(e)= i}|. Let c(f )=|m0(f )−m1(f )|.A labeling f of a graphG is called friendly if |n0(f )−n1(f )| 1. A cordial labeling ...

Let G be a (p, q) graph. Let f : V (G) → {1, 2 . . . , p} be a function. For each edge uv, assign the label |f (u)− f (v)|. f is called a difference cordial labeling if f is a one to one map and |ef (0)− ef (1)| ≤ 1 where ef (1) and ef (0) denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and not labeled with 1 respectively. A graph with a difference cordial labeling is called a difference cordial grap...

Let G be a (p,q) graph and A be a group. We denote the order of an element $a in A $ by $o(a).$  Let $ f:V(G)rightarrow A$ be a function. For each edge $uv$ assign the label 1 if $(o(f(u)),o(f(v)))=1 $or $0$ otherwise. $f$ is called a group A Cordial labeling if $|v_f(a)-v_f(b)| leq 1$ and $|e_f(0)- e_f(1)|leq 1$, where $v_f(x)$ and $e_f(n)$ respectively denote the number of vertices labelled w...

Recently three prime cordial labeling behavior of path, cycle, complete graph, wheel, comb, subdivison of a star, bistar, double comb, corona of tree with a vertex, crown, olive tree and other standard graphs were studied. Also four prime cordial labeling behavior of complete graph, book, flower were studied. In this paper, we investigate the four prime cordial labeling behavior of corona of wh...

A binary vertex coloring (labeling) f : V (G) → Z2 of a graph G is said to be friendly if the number of vertices labeled 0 is almost the same as the number of vertices labeled 1. This friendly labeling induces an edge labeling f∗ : E(G) → Z2 defined by f∗(uv) = f(u)f(v) for all uv ∈ E(G). Let ef (i) = |{uv ∈ E(G) : f∗(uv) = i}| be the number of edges of G that are labeled i. Product-cordial ind...