This chapter will summarize the historical development of geology and in particular the development of the modern uniformitarian view of the geological record and the millions-of-years time-scale. The important proponents of old-earth thinking (including Werner, Smith, Hutton, Cuvier, and Lyell) along with some of the opponents of this view as it was developing (the scriptural geologists) will ...

OBJECTIVE Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome have related high morbidity and mortality. We predict that preexisting multimorbidity is a major prognostic factor of both these diseases. METHODS A retrospective analysis in toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients over the past 10 years. Three severity categories (minor, moderate, and severe multimorbi...

The term toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) was introduced in 1956 by Lyell to describe four patients with a syndrome featured by extensive epidermal detachment with mucous membrane involvement, leaving the skin surface looking scalded. Necrolysis denotes necrosis and full thickness detachment of the epidermis. Toxic means severe constitutional symptoms and complications. Stevens-Johnson syndrome...

INTRODUCTION Toxic epidermal necrolysis lies within the spectrum of severe cutaneous adverse reactions induced by drugs, affecting skin and mucous membranes. Toxic epidermal necrolysis is considered a medical emergency as it is considered to be potentially fatal and carries a high mortality rate. To the best of our knowledge the association of toxic epidermal necrolysis and compartment syndrome...

A 93-year-old lady developed extensive skin lesions following treatment with ciprofloxacin for urinary tract infection. Skin biopsy confirmed toxic epidermal necrolysis. She died within 48 hours of onset of her skin signs in spite of active management. Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare but serious side-effect of ciprofloxacin.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is the most severe form of drug-induced skin reaction and includes denudation of >30% of total body surface area. The mechanism of disease is not completely understood, but immunologic mechanisms, cytotoxic reactions, and delayed hypersensitivity seem to be involved. We report a case of cephazolin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with intravenous immunoglobu...

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a potentially fatal dermatological disease. Large bullae covering extensive areas of the body cause continuous exfoliation of skin, which requires immediate medical attention. Intraoral manifestations may precede cutaneous lesions. Two cases with different treatment protocols are presented.

Drug induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens Johnson syndrome are more commonly associated with medications such as sulfonamides, penicillin, anticonvulsants, oxicam non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, allopurinol and corticosteroids. Isolated instances secondary to drugs outside of the aforementioned classes have also been reported. We report a case of probable toxic epidermal necrol...

Figure 1. Generalized epidermolysis on anterior and posterior torso with crusty erosions on oral mucosa. DESCRIPTION A 33-year-old woman presents with diffuse rash 3 weeks after completing a course of Bactrim for a urinary tract infection. Erythematous maculopapular rash is evident on the trunk and extremities with painful, epidermal sloughing on the back leaving a moist, denuded dermis. Note t...