BACKGROUND Despite selenium's toxicity in plants at higher levels, crops supply most of the essential dietary selenium in humans. In plants, inorganic selenium can be assimilated into selenocysteine, which can replace cysteine in proteins. Selenium toxicity in plants has been attributed to the formation of non-specific selenoproteins. However, this paradigm can be challenged now that there is i...

atomic number above 20. These properties are not the world. In India it is cultivated under 83.00 ha of relevant for biological effects, yet the heavy metals land with production of 7.9 lakh metric tonnes. Keeping enclose essential nutrients, beneficial elements and these points in view the present investigation has been elements which, at the present stage of knowledge, are made to study the e...

Abstract Pesticides are agrochemical used to increase agronomic production and higher economic profit. However, these chemical pesticides could be persistent in soil and water, collective in silt or bio-aggregates in biota relying upon their dissolvability, prompting various kinds of natural contamination. These pesticides have also shown detrimental effects such as phytotoxicity, genotox...

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and animals, but lead to toxicity when taken in excessive amounts. Plants are the main source of dietary Se, but essentiality of Se for plants is still controversial. However, Se at low doses protects the plants from variety of abiotic stresses such as cold, drought, desiccation, and metal stress. In animals, Se acts as an antioxidant and h...

Boron (B) is an essential plant micronutrient which can be phytotoxic to plants when present in soils in high concentrations. However, despite its agronomic importance, B toxicity is poorly understood. In the present work, we study the response of the biosynthesis of cysteine and glutathione concentration under conditions B toxicity (500 mM H3BO3), given that this biosynthetic pathway is essent...

A.1 Toxicity to Birds / Reptiles ......................................................................................... 2 A.1.1 Birds: Acute Oral Studies .................................................................................... 2 A.1.2 Birds: Subacute Dietary Studies .......................................................................... 4 A.1.3 Birds: Chronic Studies.............