Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE; CASRN 90045-36-6) is a commonly used herbal supplement. A comprehensive toxicological assessment by the NTP identified GBE as hepatotoxic. The constituents of GBE can vary across lots, hence the question arises as to how representative the lot tested by NTP is of other lots of GBE and by extension to what degree the results of the NTP hazard characterization are more...

Knowledge discovery and data mining tools are gaining increasing importance for the analysis of toxicological databases. This paper gives a survey of algorithms, capable to derive interpretable models from toxicological data, and presents the most important application areas. The majority of techniques in this area were derived from symbolic machine learning, one commercial product was develope...

background: to determine the role of drugs in fatal overdose, analyses were done on samples obtained from autopsy examination and death and crime scene investigations. the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of toxicology analyses of postmortem biological and non-biological samples belonging to a subject in determining the forensic cause of death. methods: toxicological analysis we...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the application of the "Pesticides Law" (Law no. 7,802/89) on the toxicological classification profile of registered pesticides in Brazil, from 1990 to 2000. METHODS Data on registered commercial products in the years 1990 and 2000 were analyzed according to toxicological class, date of registration of the active ingredient (before or after the Law) and usa...

Background: Intra-corporeal concealment of illicit drugs known as ‘body packing’ is uncommonly reported. These drugs mainly comprise opium, heroin, cocaine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), amphetamines, and marijuana or hashish. Body packers may also be called swallowers, internal carriers, couriers or mules.  Although this practice is not new, its medical complications have alway...

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of small regulatory RNA molecules found in all multicellular organisms. Since their discovery in 2001, there has been impressive progress in miRNA research, and a great deal is now known about the biosynthesis of miRNAs and their regulatory role in translation. It is becoming increasingly clear that miRNAs have fundamental roles to play in cellular response...

objective one of the prominent microorganisms in several reports of nosocomial infections is staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) which is carried by several health care workers (hcw) many times throughout the day. the present investigation was conducted to assess the nasal and hand carriage rate of s. aureus amongst medical personnel of loghman hakim hospital's toxicological intensive care unit (...