Lateral resistance of railway track is one of the most important parameters in lateral stability. This parameter depends!on the conditions of different components of ballasted railway track (such as density of ballast layer, sleeper spacing, type of sleeper, etc.). From this perspective, type of sleeper has an important effect on lateral resistance. However in some conditions, in technical and ...

Tropical cyclones (TCs) seriously threaten the safety of human life and property especially when approaching a coast or making landfall. Robust, long-lead predictions are valuable for managing policy responses. However, despite decades efforts, seasonal prediction TCs remains challenge. Here, we introduce deep-learning model to make skillful TC track density in Western North Pacific (WNP) durin...

Since the first hard disk drive (HDD) was invented in the 1950s by IBM, disk drives’ storage density has been following Moore’s law, doubling roughly every 18 months. The current storage density is 10 million times larger than that of the first HDD (Yamaguchi, 2001). Historically, increases in storage density have been achieved by almost equal increases in track density, the number of tracks en...

the main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. therefore, railway track desig...