Neural responses in many cortical regions encode information relevant to behavior: information that necessarily changes as that behavior changes with learning. Although such responses are reasonably theorized to be related to behavior causation, the true nature of that relationship cannot be clarified by simple learning studies, which show primarily that responses change with experience. Neural...

the current study aimed to define some factors contributing to implicit attitude formation mainly in the social interaction context. an agent-based computer simulation of a society including autonomous agents and an attitude object was used to track the implicit attitude progress towards the object. the society could simulate the autonomic behaviors. we provided a complex adaptive system and ob...

The design and operation support of hadron (proton and heavy-ion) linear accelerators require substantial use of beam dynamics simulation tools. The beam dynamics code TRACK has been originally developed at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to fulfill the special requirements of the rare isotope accelerator (RIA) accelerator systems. From the beginning, the code has been developed to make it us...

The main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. Numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. Therefore, railway track desig...

non-linear characteristic of tire forces is the main cause of vehicle lateral dynamics instability, while direct yaw moment control is an effective method to recover the vehicle stability. in this paper, an optimal linear quadratic regulator (lqr) controller for roll-yaw dynamics to articulated heavy vehicles is developed. for this purpose, the equations of motion obtained by the matlab softwar...

Wheel/rail contact simulation is one of the most complicated problems in the modeling of railway vehicles. The wheel/rail interaction plays a unique role in rail vehicle dynamics. In this paper, the dynamic response of the wheel on irregular rail track is analyzed with analytical approach using the method of Multiple Scales (MMS). The Hertzian contact theory is used to obtain the relationshi...