In the context of continental extension, transient compressional episodes (stress inversion) and phases uplift (depth are commonly recorded with no corresponding change in plate motion. Changes gravitational potential energy during rifting process have been invoked as a possible source stresses, but their magnitude, timing, relationship depth inversions remain unclear. Using high-resolution two...

Despite the increasing numbers of women at all levels of academic medicine, women remain significantly less likely than are men to achieve senior rank or leadership positions. Possible explanations for the differences include limited access to mentoring, fewer rewards such as promotions, lower salaries, and less appropriate recognition. The slower progress of women faculty has also been related...

The principal causes of cracking in prestressed concrete sleepers are the dynamic loads induced by track irregularities and imperfections in the wheel-rail contact and the in-phase and out-of-phase track resonances. The most affected points are the mid-span and rail-seat sections of the sleepers. Central and rail-seat crack detection require visual inspections, as legislation establishes, and i...

Double slip turnout is common in heavy haul railway and due to its complex structure, its maintenance is difficult as well as important. Focusing on No.12 double slip turnout (75 kg/m rail), this study analyzed the intensity of the different slotted rubber pad under iron plate and track stiffness of turnout zone based on the finite element method with a purpose of improving the performance of t...

In the present investigation, an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the thermal stresses in rigid pavement. In pavements design, temperature differential is having dominant role across the depth at critical locations. Seasonal climate changes influences the characteristic of pavement track. The study influences the behavior of the pavement slab in a nonlinear manner. The critical stre...

The roles of the several parameters that influences railway track deterioration most, are examined in this research with a view to make railway track maintenance more effective and cost efficient. The results presented are based on a comprehensive study of railway track degradation on super structure, sub-structure and geometrical aspects. The changes in TQI (Track Quality Index), the track set...

the track stiffness experienced by a train will vary along the track. sometimes the stiffness variation may be very large within a short distance. one example is when an unsupported sleeper is hanging in the rail. track stiffness is then, locally at that sleeper, very low. at insulated joints the bending stiffness of the rail has a discontinuity implying a discontinuity also of the track stiffn...