During the past 20 years, non-invasive brain stimulation has become an emerging field in clinical neuroscience due to its capability to transiently modulate corticospinal excitability, motor and cognitive functions. Whereas transcranial magnetic stimulation has been used extensively since more than two decades ago as a potential "neuromodulator", transcranial current stimulation (tCS) has more ...

BACKGROUND Patients with Alzheimer's disease frequently elicit neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as cognitive deficits. Above all, depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease but antidepressant drugs have not shown significant beneficial effects on it. Moreover, electroconvulsive therapy has not ensured its safety for potential severe adverse events alt...

background: motor function impairment occurs in approximately two-thirds of patients with subcortical stroke. repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) is a noninvasive technique for modulating cortical excitability. objectives: the present study was designed for assessing the efficacy of high-frequency rtms (5 hz) on ipsilesional primary motor cortex in patients with subcortical stro...

introduction: anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tdcs) of the primary motor cortex (m1) has been shown to be effective in increasing corticomotor excitability. 　methods: we investigated whether longer applications of a-tdcs coincide with greater increases in corticomotor excitability compared to shorter application of a-tdcs. ten right-handed healthy participants received one ses...

Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive form of brain stimulation similar to transcranial magnetic stimulation, but instead of using magnets, it uses a lowintensity, constant current applied through scalp electrodes. Generally, anodal stimulation induces an increase of cortical excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation decreases cortical excitability, with effects that...

BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has been shown to be clinically useful in the treatment of drug addiction. METHODS We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial aiming to assess the effects of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation (left cathodal/right anodal) on crack-cocaine addictio...

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS), Transcranial Pulsed Current Stimulation (tPCS), andTranscranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) Ingrid Moreno-Duarte, Nigel Gebodh, Pedro Schestatsky, Berkan Guleyupoglu, Davide Reato, Marom Bikson, and Felipe Fregni Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Department ...