The losses of the transmission, absorption, and scattering of optical mirrors govern the extraction efficiency of a nonclassical state that is generated inside a cavity. By measuring the reflectivities and transmittances and the matching factors from both sides of a super-mirror-made microcavity at various mode-matching efficiencies, the transmission losses and the unwanted losses, including th...

In a fully deregulated energy market a number of Transmission System Operators (TSOs) may be involved in a transaction. Losses related to a transaction need to be evaluated in real time, to facilitate the Gencos to supply the losses. This will also enable a TSO to plan the network operation in order to minimize the losses. Evaluation of extent of use of a transmission path by a transaction will...

Abstract As air pollution has become a major issue in nowadays world, reducing methane emissions from the natural gas transmission systems is an that definitely to be addressed. In order do that, there are few solutions available, such as replacement of steel pipes with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes. The main causes these leaks corrosion defects and third-party interventions. paper pre...

Design of high-speed, high-performance electronic circuits require simulation of transients in networks that include multiple, coupled lossy transmission lines. Widely used circuit simulator, SPICE, does not have facilities for simulation of multi-conductor transmission lines. Recently a modification to SPICE3 to include multi-conductor lossless lines was reported [6]. In many situations line l...

In this work the analytical model explaining the main reason of transmission losses in the known two-phase lattice of Smith, Schultz, and Shelby representing a uniaxial variant of left-handed medium (LHM) at microwaves is presented. The role of electromagnetic interaction between split-ring resonators (SRRs) and straight wires leading to the dramatic increase of ohmic losses in SRRs within the ...