The outage of power system equipment is one the most important factors that affect reliability and economy system. It crucial to consider influence contingencies elaborately in planning problem. In this paper, a distributionally robust transmission expansion model proposed which uncertainty contingency probability considered. described by interval based on rate single equipment. An epigraph ref...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. Transmission probability 2.1 The binomial model of transmission 2.2 Contacts with persons of unknown infection status 2.3 The secondary attack rate 2.4 Transmission probability ratio 2.5. Augmented study designs 2.6 Validation sets 3. Basic reproductive number

The random access protocols with multi packet reception (MPR), which include both slotted-Aloha and slotted τ-persistent CSMA protocols. For both protocols, each node makes a transmission attempt in a slot with a given probability. The transmission channel is divided into equal slot using slottedAloha, then CSMA is used to check whether the channel is idle or not. CSMA is used to avoid collisio...

The transmission lines are exposed to the atmosphere nature and will be affected by adverse weather such as lightning storm, so that it will affect the reliability of transmission system. This paper studies the fault probability model of transmission line during the lightning storm, and evaluates the short-term reliability of transmission system in the forecasting weather condition. Firstly, bu...

We reformulate several recent analyses of infection processes on highly heterogeneous networks (e.g., scale-free networks) which conclude that diseases will spread and persist even for vanishingly small transmission probabilities. The results of these latter studies contrast with conventional epidemiological models where there are clear threshold effects, namely, should the transmission probabi...

We study some simple models of disease transmission on small-world networks, in which either the probability of infection by a disease or the probability of its transmission is varied, or both. The resulting models display epidemic behavior when the infection or transmission probability rises above the threshold for site or bond percolation on the network, and we give exact solutions for the po...

Communicable-disease transmission models are useful for the testing of prevention and intervention strategies. Agent-based models (ABMs) represent a new and important class of the many types of disease transmission models in use. Agent-based disease models benefit from their ability to assign disease transmission probabilities based on characteristics shared by individual agents. These shared c...